Amafaranga ashobora gushira muri ONU igihe icyo ari cyo cyose – Guterres
Umunyamabanga Mukuru w’Umuryango w’Abibumbye (ONU), António Guterres, yatangaje ko uyu muryango ushobora kwisanga mu kibazo gikomeye cy’amafaranga kigatuma ibikorwa bya wo bihagarara mu kanya gato, bitewe n’uko ibihugu byinshi binyamuryango bitarimo kuzuza inshingano zo gutanga imisanzu ya byo.
Yasobanuye ko uwo muryango uri mu ngorane zikomeye zishingiye ku bukene bw’amafaranga, kandi ko uko iminsi ishira, ikibazo kirushaho gukomera ku buryo gishobora kubangamira bikomeye imikorere ya ONU. Yaburiye ko mu gihe nta gihindutse, amafaranga ashobora gushiraho burundu bitarenze ukwezi kwa Nyakanga uyu mwaka.
Mu ibaruwa yandikiye ibihugu 193 bigize ONU, Guterres yabasabye kwishyura imisanzu ya byo uko amategeko abiteganya, cyangwa se bakemera ko amategeko agenga imari y’uyu muryango avugururwa, mu rwego rwo kwirinda ko uhura n’ihungabana rikomeye.
Ibi byakurikiye icyemezo cya Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika, ari na yo itanga umusanzu munini kurusha izindi, cyo kudatanga umusanzu wa yo usanzwe n’uwo mu bikorwa byo kubungabunga amahoro. Amerika kandi yikuye mu mashami menshi ya ONU, ivuga ko kuyageneramo amafaranga byari gusesagura umutungo w’abasoreshwa ba yo.
Si Amerika yonyine, kuko n’ibindi bihugu byinshi binyamuryango bifitiye ONU amadeni y’imisanzu cyangwa byanze kuyitanga burundu.
Nubwo mu mpera za 2025 inteko rusange ya ONU yemeje amavugurura make ku micungire y’imari ya yo, ikibazo cy’amafaranga kiracyari kibi cyane. Icyiyongeraho ni itegeko rituma ONU isabwa gusubiza amafaranga atarakoreshejwe, kandi rimwe na rimwe ikisanga igomba gusubiza amafaranga itigeze yakira.
Ku cyicaro gikuru cya ONU kiri i Genève mu Busuwisi, hashyizweho ibirango bitandukanye bigaragaza uko uwo muryango uhuze n’ibibazo by’amafaranga. Mu rwego rwo kugabanya ikiguzi, inzira z’amadarage zitwara abantu mu nyubako (escalators) zikunze kuzimywa, kimwe n’uburyo bwo gushyushya inyubako.
Mu ibaruwa ye, Guterres yavuze ko n’ubundi mu mateka ONU yagiye ihura n’ibibazo by’amafaranga, ariko ashimangira ko uko ibintu bimeze ubu bitigeze bibaho. Atavuze amazina y’ibihugu, yagaragaje ko hari ibyafashe icyemezo ku mugaragaro cyo kudatanga imisanzu byari byemeye, igize igice kinini cy’ingengo y’imari y’uyu muryango.
Yongeyeho ko ireme ry’imikorere ya ONU rishingira ku kuba ibihugu byubahiriza inshingano za byo zo kwishyura imisanzu igenwe n’amategeko shingiro ya yo. Yavuze ko mu 2025, 77% by’imisanzu ari yo gusa yari yishyuwe, hasigara umubare munini cyane w’amafaranga ataratangwa kurusha uko byigeze bigaragara.
Guterres yasobanuye ko itegeko risaba ONU gusubiza amafaranga atarakoreshejwe ryateje ikibazo gikomeye, kuko bituma isabwa gusubiza amafaranga itigeze na rimwe yakira. Yagize ati: “Ibihe turimo birihutirwa cyane. Ntitwashyira mu bikorwa ingengo y’imari tutarabonye amafaranga, kandi ntidushobora gusubiza amafaranga tutigeze twakira”.
Kubera iyo mpamvu, ONU irimo gusabwa gusubiza amamiliyoni y’amadolari itigeze ifata. Muri uku kwezi konyine, hashingiwe ku igenzura ry’ingengo y’imari ya 2026, yasabwe gusubiza miliyoni 227 z’amadolari y’Amerika, amafaranga atarigeze akusanywa.
Guterres yashimangiye ko igisubizo ari kimwe gusa: ibihugu bigomba kwishyura imisanzu ya byo yose ku gihe, cyangwa se hagahindurwa byimbitse amategeko agenga imari ya ONU kugira ngo hirindwe ko amafaranga ayishiramo burundu.
Nubwo amashami menshi ya ONU asanzwe adahabwa amafaranga ahagije yo gukorera ahari ibibazo byihutirwa by’ubutabazi, umwaka ushize waranzwe n’ingorane zidasanzwe. Amerika, nk’igihugu cya mbere mu gutanga umusanzu, yanenze ONU iyishinja kutagera ku ntego za yo z’ingenzi no kudashyigikira bihagije ibikorwa biyobowe n’Amerika bigamije amahoro.
Mu 2025, Amerika ntiyatanze umusanzu wa yo wose mu ngengo y’imari isanzwe ya ONU, inatanga gusa 30% by’inkunga yagombaga gutanga mu bikorwa byo kubungabunga amahoro. Muri Mutarama uyu mwaka, Perezida Donald Trump yanakuye Amerika mu miryango mpuzamahanga myinshi, harimo n’amashami 31 ya ONU, avuga ko yari agamije kurinda umutungo w’abasoreshwa b’Amerika no gushyira imbere inyungu z’igihugu cye.
Nubwo Amerika yasezeranyije mu Ukuboza gushize gutanga miliyari ebyiri z’amadolari mu bikorwa by’ubutabazi bya ONU, ayo mafaranga ni make cyane ugereranyije na miliyari 17 yatanze mu 2022. Ibihugu nk’Ubwongereza n’Ubudage na byo byatangaje ko bigiye kugabanya inkunga bigenera amahanga, ibintu biteganyijwe ko bizakoma mu nkokora imirimo ya ONU.
Izi ngorane zatangiye kugaragara cyane, aho ibiro bya ONU bishinzwe uburenganzira bwa muntu byaburiye ko ibikorwa byo gukurikirana ihohoterwa rikomeye bishobora kudakorwa kubera kubura amafaranga. Mu gihe cyashize, ibyo biro byari byafashije gutuma hakurikiranwa abagize uruhare mu byaha by’intambara n’ibyibasira inyokomuntu.
Mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe nka Afghanistan, ishami rya ONU ryita ku buringanire n’ubushobozi bw’abagore (UN Women) ryabaye ngombwa ko rifunga amavuriro y’ababyeyi n’abana kubera kubura inkunga. Ni na ko kandi Ishami ryita ku biribwa ku Isi (WFP) ryagabanyije ingano y’ibiribwa byagenerwaga impunzi zahunze intambara yo muri Sudani.
