Amerika yafatiye RDF ibihano hamwe n’abayobozi ba yo bakuru bane.

Kuri uyu wa Mbere tariki ya 2 Werurwe 2026, Ibiro bya Minisiteri y’Imari ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika bishinzwe kugenzura no gushyira mu bikorwa ibihano by’ubukungu (Office of Foreign Assets Control – OFAC) byafatiye ibihano Ingabo z’u Rwanda (RDF) ndetse n’abayobozi ba yo bakuru bane.

RDF ishinjwa gushyigikira mu buryo bugaragara, guhugura no kurwana ifatanyije n’umutwe wa M23, umutwe w’inyeshyamba washyiriweho ibihano na Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika ndetse n’Umuryango w’Abibumbye (UN), kubera uruhare mu ihohoterwa ry’uburenganzira bwa muntu no guteza ikibazo gikomeye cy’impunzi n’abakuwe mu bya bo muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (DRC).

RDF ishinjwa kuba yarafashije M23 gufata ibice bitandukanye byo mu burasirazuba bwa DRC, birimo imijyi ya Goma na Bukavu, ndetse n’ahantu h’ingenzi hacukurwa amabuye y’agaciro. Ibitero bya M23 bivugwa ko bitari gushoboka hatabayeho ubufasha bufatika n’uruhare rw’abayobozi bakuru ba RDF.

Umunyamabanga wa Minisiteri y’Imari y’Amerika, Scott Bessent, yavuze ko Perezida Trump ari Perezida w’amahoro, kandi Minisiteri y’Imari izakoresha uburyo bwose ifite kugira ngo impande zasinyanye amasezerano ya Washington zubahirize inshingano za zo. Yongeyeho ko Amerika itegereje ko ingabo za RDF, intwaro n’ibikoresho bya zo bihita bikurwa muri DRC.

Ibi bibaye nyuma y’aho Perezida w’Amerika Donald J. Trump yakiriye Perezida wa DRC Félix Tshisekedi na Perezida w’u Rwanda Paul Kagame, bagasinyana inyandiko ihuriweho yiswe “Amasezerano ya Washington” agamije amahoro n’iterambere. Nyuma y’iminsi mike ayo masezerano asinywe, M23 yafashe Umujyi wa Uvira uherereye ku mupaka wa DRC n’u Burundi, igikorwa cyateje impfu z’abasivile n’ikorwa ry’iyimurwa ry’abaturage ibihumbi. Nubwo M23 yaje kuva muri uwo mujyi, kuba igikomeje kugaragara hafi y’umupaka w’u Burundi, hamwe n’ubufasha RDF ikomeje kuyiha, bivugwa ko bishobora guteza intambara yaguka mu karere. Mu itangazo ryasohowe n’Itsinda Mpuzamahanga rishinzwe Akarere k’Ibiyaga Bigari, Amerika yamaganye ibikorwa bya gisirikare bya M23 na RDF, isaba RDF kuva mu burasirazuba bwa Congo.

RDF ishinjwa gutanga ubufasha bwa gisirikare butaziguye kuri M23, burimo gutanga ibikoresho bya gisirikare bigezweho nko guhagarika imikorere ya GPS, ibikoresho byo kurinda ibitero byo mu kirere, indege zitagira abapilote (drones) n’ibindi bikoresho. Abasirikare ibihumbi ba RDF bavugwa ko bari mu burasirazuba bwa DRC, aho bagira uruhare mu mirwano no gufasha M23 kugenzura ibice byafashwe. RDF inavugwaho guhugura abarwanyi ba M23 no kuyifasha mu gushaka abarwanyi bashya, harimo no mu mpunzi.

Bivugwa kandi ko M23, ifashijwe na RDF, yakoze ubwicanyi budakurikije amategeko, ifata abantu mu buryo butemewe n’amategeko ndetse ikanabakora iyicarubozo. Muri Mutarama 2025, RDF yagabye ibitero ku ngabo za Congo, ku butumwa bw’Umuryango w’Iterambere ry’Ibihugu by’Afurika y’Amajyepfo (SADC) muri DRC, no ku birindiro by’Ubutumwa bw’Umuryango w’Abibumbye bwo kugarura amahoro muri DRC (MONUSCO). Mu gusubiza ku bufasha yahaye M23, u Rwanda bivugwa ko rwabonye uburyo bwo kugera ku duce dukungahaye ku mabuye y’agaciro, bigafasha mu gutera inkunga ibikorwa bya M23.

Abashyiriweho ibihano barimo:

Lt Gen Vincent Nyakarundi, Umugaba Mukuru w’Ingabo zirwanira ku butaka za RDF, uvugwa ko yagize uruhare mu bikorwa byo gushyigikira M23.

Major Gen Ruki Karusisi, uyobora Diviziyo ya 5 y’ingabo zirwanira ku butaka, wabaye n’Umuyobozi w’Ingabo z’Ibikorwa Bidasanzwe (Special Operations Forces).

Gen Mubarakh Muganga, Umugaba Mukuru w’Ingabo za RDF (Chief of Defence Staff), wigeze kuba Umugaba Mukuru w’ingabo zirwanira ku butaka mbere yo kujyakuri uwo mwanya muri Kamena 2023.

Major Gen Stanislas Gashugi, wagizwe Umuyobozi w’Ingabo z’Ibikorwa Bidasanzwe muri Werurwe 2025.

RDF yashyiriweho ibihano hashingiwe ku Iteka rya Perezida w’Amerika nimero 13413 ryavuguruwe n’irya 13671, kubera uruhare rwa yo cyangwa ubufatanyacyaha mu bikorwa bibangamira amahoro, umutekano n’ituze bya DRC, no gutera inkunga M23 mu buryo bw’amafaranga, ibikoresho n’ubundi bufasha. Abo bayobozi bane na bo bashyiriweho ibihano kubera kuba abayobozi ba RDF.

Ingaruka z’ibihano ni uko imitungo yose y’abo bashyiriweho ibihano iri muri Amerika cyangwa icungwa n’Abanyamerika ihagarikwa kandi igatangarizwa OFAC. Ibigo bifitweho nibura 50% n’abo bantu na byo bihita bishyirwaho ibihano. Abantu cyangwa ibigo byo muri Amerika babujijwe gukora ubucuruzi cyangwa indi mikoranire yose ijyanye n’imitungo y’abo bashyiriweho ibihano, keretse babiherewe uruhushya rwihariye.

Kurenga kuri ibi bihano bishobora gutuma hafatwa ibihano by’amafaranga cyangwa ibyaha mpanabyaha ku Banyamerika no ku banyamahanga. N’abandi batari Abanyamerika babujijwe gutuma Abanyamerika barenga ku bihano, cyangwa kugerageza kubyirengagiza. OFAC ishobora gutanga ibihano by’amafaranga hatitawe ku kuba uwabikoze yari abizi cyangwa atabizi.

OFAC ishimangira ko intego y’ibihano atari uguhana gusa, ahubwo ari uguhindura imyitwarire mu buryo bwiza. Hari kandi uburyo bwo gusaba gukurwa ku rutonde rw’abashyiriweho ibihano (SDN List), bikurikije amategeko n’amabwiriza ya OFAC.

SRC: U.S.Departement of treasury