Intanga z’umuterankunga wari ufite “gene” itera kanseri zakoreshejwe mu kubyara abana hafi 200

Umugabo watangaga intanga atazi ko afite ihindagurika ry’uturemangingo (mutation) ryongera cyane ibyago byo kurwara kanseri, yavuze ko yabyaye abana nibura 197 hirya no hino i Burayi, nk’uko iperereza rinini ryabigaragaje. Bamwe mu bana bavukanye iyo ndwara ikomoka ku ihindagurika ry’uturemangingo barapfuye, kandi abagezweho n’iyi ndwara, ni bake cyane babasha kwirinda kanseri mu buzima bwa bo.

Izi ntanga ntizigeze zigurishwa mu bitaro byo mu Bwongereza, ariko BBC yemeje ko hari imiryango mike yo mu Bwongereza yakoresheje intanga z’uwo mugabo mu kuvuka kw’abana ba bo mu ivuriro ryo mu gihugu cya Denmark.

Ikigo cyo muri Denmark gikora kandi kikagurisha intanga z’abagabo ku mavuriro atandukanye ku isi cyasabye imbabazi, cyemera ko intanga z’uwo mugabo zakoreshejwe cyane mu bihugu bitandukanye.

Uwo muterankunga w’intanga yatangiye kuzitanga mu 2005 ari umunyeshuri, mu gihe yari afite imyaka 17. Nubwo ubuzima bwe bwari busanzwe ari bwiza kandi yarapimwe nk’abandi bose batanga intanga, ikodoka y’ubuzima ituma uri uwo umuntu ari we (ADN) ye yari yarahindutse akiri mu nda, yangiza agace gafite amabwiriza yemeza imiterere n’imikorere y’umubiri (gene TP53) isanzwe irinda umubiri kugira kanseri.

Nubwo umubiri we wose utarimo iri hindagurika, hagati ya 20% by’intanga ze zari zirifite, kandi umwana urimukomoyeho ararigira mu mubiri wose. Ibi bitera indwara izwi nka Li Fraumeni syndrome, itanga ibyago bingana na 90% byo kurwara kanseri ku bwana cyangwa kanseri y’ibere ku bakobwa.

20% by’intanga z’uwo mugabo zarimo ihindagurika ry’uturemangingo

Abahanga bavuga ko ari indwara ikomeye cyane isaba gukorerwa MRI (uburyo bugezweho bwo gufata amashusho y’imbere mu mubiri hakoreshejwe imbaraga za rukuruzi, butuma abaganga babona neza ibibazo bitandukanye mu mubiri) buri mwaka no kwitabwaho bihoraho. Benshi banafata icyemezo cyo gukuraho amabere kugira ngo bagabanye ibyago.

Abaganga batangiye kubibona babinyujije ku bana barwaye kanseri yagaragaye ko bakomoka kuri izi ntanga. Bari bamaze kubona 23 bafite iyo ndwara y’ihindagurika ry’uturemangingo muri 67 bari bazwi icyo gihe, 10 muri bo bari barwaye kanseri. Ubu hamenyekanye abana nibura 197 bavutse kuri izi ntanga, nubwo imibare ishobora kuzamuka.

Hari ababyeyi nk’uwo mu Bufaransa, Céline (izina ryahinduwe), wamenye ko umwana we afite iyo ndwara nyuma yo kwihamagarirwa n’ivuriro yakoresheje. Avuga ko adafitiye uwo muterankunga w’intanga inzika, ariko ko bitari bikwiye guhabwa intanga zitizewe. Uwo mwana we ashobora kurwara kanseri igihe icyo ari cyo cyose.

Intanga za wa mugabo zakoreshejwe n’amavuriro 67 mu bihugu 14. Nubwo ntazigeze zigurishwa mu Bwongereza, hari Abongereza bajyanywe kuvurirwa muri Denmark bahabwa intanga ze, kandi bamaze kubimenyeshwa. Ibihugu bitandukanye bifite umubare ntarengwa w’imiryango ishobora gukoresha intanga z’umuntu umwe, ariko ayo mabwiriza ntiyubahirijwe. Urugero, mu Bubiligi intanga z’umuntu umwe zigomba gukoreshwa n’imiryango 6 gusa, ariko uyu mugabo yabyariye imiryango 38 abana 53.

Abahanga basaba ko hashyirwaho ingamba zikomeye ku ngano y’abana bashobora kuvuka ku muterankunga umwe, kuko hari aho umuntu umwe yategetswe guhagarika gutanga intanga amaze kubyara abana 550 ku isi.

Nubwo gutanga intanga bifasha abantu benshi batabasha kubyara, inzobere mu bya siyansi zihamya ko ibi bibazo bikomeye birimo gushyira igitutu ku mikorere y’ibigo mpuzamahanga bitanga intanga, ndetse no kuba nta mategeko mpuzamahanga agena inshuro intanga zishobora gukoreshwa.

Abashaka gukoresha intanga bagirwa inama yo kubaza niba umuterankunga akomoka mu gihugu imbere cyangwa hanze, n’uko intanga ze zakoreshejwe kenshi. Inama y’abahanga ni uko ibi bibazo bikomeye bikwiye gutuma habaho amahame mashya arengera ubuzima n’imibereho y’abana n’imiryango.