Uburyo “chatbots” za AI zishobora gutuma umuntu ahinduka umuswa

Mu gihe imashini z’ubwenge buhangano (AI) zigenda zisimbura abantu mu bikorwa byinshi bisaba gutekereza, abashakashatsi barimo kuburira ko gukoresha izo mashini cyane bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bwenge bw’abantu.

Igihe umushakashatsi Nataliya Kosmyna yashakaga abantu bifuza kwimenyereza umwuga, yabonye ko amabaruwa yo gusaba akazi yabonaga asa cyane. Yari maremare, yanditse neza cyane, ariko nyuma y’intangiriro, akenshi yahitaga ajya mu buryo budasobanutse neza buhuza ibyo uwanditse yakoze n’ibyo asaba.

Yahise atahura ko abayanditse barimo gukoresha imashini z’ubwenge buhanitse (LLMs), ni ukuvuga ubwenge buhangano bukoresha porogaramu nka ChatGPT, Google Gemini na Claude, mu kwandika ayo mabaruwa.

Muri icyo gihe, mu bushakashatsi bwakorewe muri Kaminuza ya Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Kosmyna wigaga imikoranire hagati y’abantu na mudasobwa, yabonye ko abanyeshuri benshi barimo kwibagirwa ibintu ugereranyije n’imyaka mike ishize.

Kubera ko abantu barimo kurushaho kwisunga izi LLMs, yagize impungenge ko bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bushobozi bwo gutekereza bw’abanyeshuri, ahitamo gukora ubushakashatsi kuri icyo kibazo.

Abashakashatsi nka Kosmyna bavuga ko, nitwishingikiriza cyane ubwenge buhangano (AI), bishobora guhindura ururimi dukoresha ndetse n’ubushobozi bwacu bwo gukora ibikorwa byoroshye byo gutekereza. Ubu hari ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwerekana ko gushyira cyane ibitekerezo byacu ku mashini bishobora kugabanya ubushobozi bwo gutekereza.

Ingaruka za byo zishobora kuba zikomeye cyane, ndetse zishobora no gutuma ubwenge bugabanuka.

Hari abantu bamwe bahisemo gukoresha ubwenge buhangano nk’igikoresho cyo gukusanya amakuru gusa, hanyuma bakayasesengura ubwa bo. Abo bantu bagaragaje ibitekerezo byimbitse kurusha abandi kandi bagaragaza ko ubwonko bwa bo bukora cyane.

Ku buzima bwiza bw’ubwonko mu gihe kirekire, ni ngombwa ko dukomeza kwitoza gutekereza ubwacu.

Hashize hafi imyaka makumyabiri, umuhanga witwa Ming yari yaravuze ko mu myaka 20 kugeza kuri 30 hazabaho kwiyongera kw’indwara yo kwibagirwa (dementia) bifitanye isano no gukoresha cyane amakarita ya “Google Maps”. Yavuze ko niba umuntu adakoresha ubwonko bwe mu gutekereza inzira, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bwonko.

Nubwo nta bimenyetso bihagije byemeza icyo gitekerezo, ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko gukoresha cyane GPS bishobora gutuma ubushobozi bwo kwibuka ahantu bugabanuka uko igihe kigenda gihita. Hari n’ubundi bushakashatsi bwerekanye ko kugira ikibazo cyo kumenya inzira bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy’indwara ya “Alzheimer” (indwara ituma ubwonko bugenda butakaza ubushobozi bwo gukora neza, cyane cyane mu bijyanye no kwibuka no gutekereza) nk’uko inkuru y BBC ibivuga.

Biragaragara ko uko ubwonko bukora cyane, ari ko burushaho gukingirwa ku gutakaza ubushobozi bwo gutekereza neza.

Ming avuga ko gukoresha cyane LLMs bishobora kudatuma gusa uguhanga bugabanuka, ahubwo bishobora no kugira ingaruka ku bwonko no kongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara zo kwibagirwa.

Uko ikoreshwa ry’ubwenge buhangano rigenda ryiyongera, ni ngombwa ko turikoresha mu buryo budufitiye akamaro aho kutugirira nabi. Ming asaba ko hazabaho ubwenge bwitwa “ubwenge buvanze” (hybrid intelligence), aho abantu n’imashini bakorana mu gukemura ibibazo bigoye.

Ibi bisobanuye ko dukwiye kubanza gutekereza ubwacu, hanyuma tukifashisha ibikoresho bidufasha, aho kureka ngo bidusubirize ibibazo byose. Kosmyna na we yemera ko ari byiza kubanza kwiga udakoresheje AI kugira wubake ubumenyi, hanyuma ukazayikoresha nyuma.

Ming anasaba gukoresha uburyo yise “nemesis prompt”, aho usaba AI kugusuzuma nk’umuntu utavuga rumwe nawe, igasobanura aho ibitekerezo byawe bifite intege nke n’uko wabikosora.

Ibi bituma umuntu yitoza gutekereza no kunoza ibitekerezo bye aho kwemera gusa ibyo ahawe.

Ubundi buryo ni ugukoresha AI mu kugufasha gutekereza, iguha ibisobanuro rusange cyangwa ikakubaza ibibazo, aho kuguha ibisubizo byose.

Mu igerageza ryakozwe ryo gutuma AI idatanga ibisubizo byuzuye, byagaragaye ko abantu barushaho kugira uruhare mu gutekereza.

Muri rusange, tugomba kwirinda kwiringira cyane ibisubizo byoroshye, kuko ubwonko bwacu bubikunda cyane, nk’uko Kosmyna abivuga.

Biragaragara ko ku buzima bwiza bw’ubwonko mu gihe kirekire, dukwiye gukomeza kwitoza gutekereza. Ibi bizatuma ubwenge bwacu, ubuhanga n’ubushobozi bwo gusesengura ibintu birushaho gutera imbere.