Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’Uburayi (EU) wafashe icyemezo gikomeye cyo guhagarika burundu igurwa, itumizwa n’iyoherezwa rya zahabu ikomoka muri Sudan, mu rwego rwo gukumira amafaranga akomeje gutera inkunga intambara imaze imyaka irenga itatu ihanganishije ingabo za leta n’umutwe witwara gisirikare wa Rapid Support Forces (RSF).
Iki cyemezo cyatangajwe nyuma y’uko ibihugu bigize EU byanzuye ko ubucuruzi bwa zahabu bwahindutse imwe mu nkingi z’ingenzi zifasha impande zihanganye kubona amafaranga yo kugura intwaro no gukomeza imirwano, ibintu bikomeje guteza ibibazo bikomeye by’ubutabazi n’umutekano muri Sudan.
Intambara yadutse muri Mata 2023 hagati y’Ingabo za Sudan (SAF) ziyobowe na Gen. Abdel Fattah al-Burhan n’umutwe wa RSF uyobowe na Gen. Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo uzwi nka Hemedti, imaze guhitana abantu ibihumbi byinshi, mu gihe abarenga miliyoni 14 bamaze guhunga ingo za bo. Umuryango w’Abibumbye uvuga ko iki ari kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye by’ubutabazi isi ihanganye na byo muri iki gihe, aho abaturage benshi babuze ibiribwa, amazi meza, ubuvuzi ndetse n’aho kuba.
Sudan iri mu bihugu by’Afurika bikungahaye cyane ku mutungo wa zahabu, ariko aho uwo mutungo wagombaga gufasha abaturage kwiteza imbere, wahindutse isoko rikomeye ritera inkunga intambara. Imiryango mpuzamahanga iharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu ivuga ko amafaranga ava muri zahabu ari yo afasha impande zombi gukomeza imirwano.
Mu zindi ngamba EU yafashe harimo no kubuza kohereza muri Sudan ibinyabutabire bya mercury na cyanide, bikoreshwa mu gutandukanya zahabu n’amabuye. Uyu muryango uvuga ko kubuza ibyo bikoresho bishobora kugabanya ubucukuzi bwa zahabu bukorwa mu buryo butemewe n’amategeko.
Raporo zitandukanye z’inzobere z’Umuryango w’Abibumbye zigaragaza ko nibura kimwe cya kabiri cya zahabu icukurwa muri Sudan, ndetse bamwe bavuga ko ishobora kugera kuri 70%, isohoka mu gihugu inyujijwe mu nzira za magendu, bigatuma leta ibura imisoro ndetse amafaranga menshi akagwa mu maboko y’imitwe yitwaje intwaro.
Kugeza ubu, umutwe wa RSF ugenzura ibice byinshi by’ibirombe bya zahabu biri mu turere twa Darfur na Kordofan, mu gihe Ingabo za Sudan zifite ububasha ku birombe byinshi byo mu majyaruguru no mu burasirazuba bw’igihugu. Ibi bituma buri ruhande rukoresha zahabu nk’intwaro y’ubukungu yo gukomeza urugamba.
Abasesenguzi bavuga ko zahabu nyinshi ikurwa muri Sudan inyuzwa rwihishwa mu bihugu bituranye birimo Misiri, Tchad na Libya, mbere yo kugera muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Abarabu, cyane cyane i Dubai, kimwe mu bigo bikomeye ku isi bitunganya kandi bicururizwamo zahabu. Hari hashize igihe imiryango mpuzamahanga isaba ko hacibwa intege uru ruhererekane rw’ubucuruzi kugira ngo amafaranga ava muri zahabu adakomeza kugera ku mpande ziri mu ntambara.
EU ivuga ko izi ngamba zigamije gukaza igitutu ku bashyigikira imirwano no gushishikariza impande zihanganye kwemera ibiganiro by’amahoro. Gusa hari impungenge ko, nubwo ibihano bishobora kugabanya ubucuruzi bwemewe, magendu ishobora gukomeza gukorwa keretse habayeho ubufatanye bukomeye hagati y’ibihugu byo mu karere n’imiryango mpuzamahanga mu guhangana n’ubwo bucuruzi butemewe.
Mu gihe intambara ikomeje, abaturage ba Sudan ni bo bakomeje kwibasirwa cyane n’ingaruka zayo, aho inzara, uburwayi n’ubuhunzi bikomeje kwiyongera, mu gihe amahanga akomeje gusaba ko haboneka umuti wa politiki wahagarika imirwano ndetse ugatuma umutungo kamere w’icyo gihugu ukoreshwa mu nyungu z’abaturage aho gukoreshwa mu gukomeza intambara.
Ibitekerezo