Minisitiri w’Intebe mushya w’Ubwongereza, Andy Burnham, yatangiye gukoresha imbuga nkoranyambaga zirimo TikTok nk’intwaro ikomeye yo guhangana n’amashyaka akunzwe kubera politiki ishingiye ku marangamutima ya rubanda, arimo Reform UK iyobowe na Nigel Farage nk’uko Reuters yabitangaje.
Kuva yafata ubutegetsi, Burnham yagaragaye mu mashusho avugiramo gahunda za guverinoma, aganira ku biribwa biboneka mu tubari, akurikira inkuru zigezweho kuri interineti ndetse akanatera gahunda urwenya ku isura ye. Ubu buryo bushya butandukanye n’ubwari bumenyerewe mu biro bya Minisitiri w’Intebe, bwatumye amashusho ye arebwa n’abantu babarirwa muri za miliyoni kuri TikTok, Instagram na X.
Burnham yabaye Minisitiri w’Intebe ku wa 20 Nyakanga 2026, nyuma yo gutorerwa kuyobora Ishyaka ry’Abakozi, Labour, ryari rimaze gusigarana ubutegetsi ariko rikomeje gutakaza icyizere cy’abaturage. Yasimbuye Keir Starmer wari weguye ku buyobozi bw’ishyaka no ku mwanya wa Minisitiri w’Intebe.
Amakuru ya Guverinoma y’Ubwongereza agaragaza ko Burnham yari amaze imyaka icyenda atari mu Nteko Ishinga Amategeko n’imyaka 16 atari muri guverinoma. Yagarutse mu Nteko muri Kamena 2026, atorerwa guhagararira Makerfield, hanyuma ku wa 17 Nyakanga atorwa kuyobora Labour. Ishyaka rye ryatangaje ko yari ashyigikiwe n’abadepite ba ryo 379 hamwe n’imiryango 23 irishamikiyeho. Ishyaka ry’Abakozi ryavuze ko ibyo byamuhaye ububasha bukomeye bwo gutangira kuvugurura imikorere ya ryo.
Politiki yimukiye muri telefoni
Mu gihe cy’imyaka myinshi, abanyapolitiki bo mu Bwongereza bagenderaga cyane ku biganiro bya televiziyo, amaradiyo, ibinyamakuru no ku nama zihuza abayobozi n’abaturage. Ibyo biracyafite agaciro, ariko telefoni na interineti byahinduye uburyo ubutumwa bwa politiki bugera ku batora.
TikTok, Instagram, YouTube na X byahaye amashyaka ubushobozi bwo kuganira n’abaturage atabanje kunyura mu itangazamakuru risanzwe. Umunyapolitiki ashobora gufata amashusho y’amasegonda make, akarebwa n’abantu babarirwa muri za miliyoni mu gihe gito.
Nigel Farage, umuyobozi wa Reform UK, ni umwe mu banyapolitiki b’Abongereza bamaze igihe babyaza umusaruro ayo mahirwe. Akunda gushyira ahagaragara amashusho magufi avuga ku bimukira, umutekano, ibyaha, ubukungu n’indangagaciro z’igihugu. Hari n’amashusho menshi agaragaramo ari mu kabari, anywa inzoga cyangwa aganira n’abaturage mu mvugo yoroshye.
Farage afite abamukurikira bagera kuri miliyoni 2.3 kuri X, miliyoni 1.5 kuri TikTok na miliyoni imwe kuri Instagram. Uyu mubare umuha urubuga rugari rwo kugeza ku baturage ubutumwa bwa Reform UK atabanje gutegereza ko televiziyo cyangwa ibinyamakuru bimuvugaho.
Mu gihe cya Starmer, Labour yanenzwe kudashobora gusobanurira abaturage gahunda za yo n’ibyo yari imaze kugeraho kuva yatsinda amatora yo mu 2024 ku bwiganze bukomeye. Nubwo guverinoma yashyiraga ahagaragara politiki zitandukanye, abasesenguzi bavugaga ko ubutumwa bwa yo bwabaga bugoye, butinda kugera ku baturage cyangwa bukavugwa mu mvugo itabashishikaza.
Burnham asa n’uwahisemo guhindura iyo mikorere.
Ubutumwa butanya abantu abusimbuza urwenya
James Lyons wahoze ayobora ishami ry’itumanaho ry’ingamba muri guverinoma ya Keir Starmer, avuga ko Burnham adakoresha uburyo bwo gucamo abaturage ibice kugira ngo abone abamureba benshi.
Ahubwo amashusho ye yubakiye ku kumvikana nk’umuntu usanzwe, gutanga ubutumwa bwiza no kwereka abaturage ko umuyobozi ashobora kuba akomeye mu kazi ariko ntabe umuntu uhora yiremereza.
Ibyo byagaragaye mu mashusho Burnham yafatiye mu kabari ari kumwe na Minisitiri w’Imari John Healey. Ayo mashusho yari agamije kumenyekanisha igabanywa ry’imisoro ku tubari, amahoteli na resitora, ariko ubutumwa bwatanzwe mu buryo bw’ikiganiro gisanzwe.
Banaragaye batanga amanota ku biribwa bitandukanye bikunze gutangwa mu tubari. Minisitiri w’Intebe yemeye ko akunda cyane utunyobwa twa Monster Munch dufite uburyohe bw’ibitunguru byashyizwe muri vinaigre. Yanibajije niba abaturage bo hanze y’amajyaruguru y’Ubwongereza na bo bashyira utunyobwa twa “crisps” muri “butties”, ijambo rikoreshwa cyane mu majyaruguru risobanura imigati irimo ibindi biribwa.
Ayo mashusho yarebwe n’abantu miliyoni 4.7 kuri X gusa, yiyongeraho izindi miliyoni zayarebye ku zindi mbuga. Yerekanye ko ubutumwa bujyanye n’imisoro bushobora kugezwa ku baturage mu buryo bworoheje, budasa n’ikiganiro kiremereye cy’ubukungu.
Burnham yanakoresheje urwenya mu gusubiza Kemi Badenoch uyobora Ishyaka ry’Aba-Conservateurs. Badenoch yari yamwise “amaso afite ingohe n’umupira w’umukara”, agamije kuvuga ko isura n’imyambarire ari byo byonyine byatumye abantu bamwitaho.
Mu mashusho yamusubizaga, Burnham yafunguye anahumbya amaso cyane, areba umupira yari yambaye, maze avuga ko utari umukara ahubwo wari ubururu bwijimye. Igisubizo cye cyirinze gutangiza intonganya ndende, ariko gikomeza gukwirakwira ku mbuga nkoranyambaga.
Abasesenguzi babona ko ubu buryo bumufasha kutigaragaza nk’umunyapolitiki utandukanye n’abaturage. Bumuha kandi icyo bise amahirwe ya kabiri yo gutanga isura ya mbere, nyuma y’imyaka myinshi atari muri guverinoma.
Labour yatangiye kugabanya ikinyuranyo
Mbere y’uko Burnham afata ubuyobozi, Reform UK yari imaze kugira amajwi menshi mu bushakashatsi butandukanye. Urugero, ubushakashatsi bwa Opinium bwo muri Nyakanga 2026 bwahaga Reform UK amajwi 24%, Labour ikagira 19%, Aba-Conservateurs bakagira 18%, naho Green Party ikagira 16%. Opinium yavuze ko nubwo Reform UK yari yagabanyutseho amanota abiri, yari igikomeje kuyobora.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe nyuma y’izamuka rya Burnham bwatangiye kugaragaza ko Labour irimo kugabanya icyo cyuho. Nubwo amatora rusange atagomba kuba mbere y’imyaka igera kuri itatu, iyi mpinduka yahaye abayoboke ba Labour icyizere ko ishyaka rishobora kongera kwigarurira abaturage bari baratangiye kuritera umugongo.
Ubushakashatsi bwa Ipsos bwakozwe kuva ku wa 17 kugeza ku wa 22 Nyakanga 2026, ubwo Burnham yari agiye gutangira imirimo, bwagaragaje ko isura ye n’iya Labour byari byatangiye kuzamuka. Ariko Ipsos yanagaragaje ko abaturage bari bataragira icyizere gihagije cy’uko impinduka y’umuyobozi yonyine yakemura ibibazo by’igihugu. Ipsos yavuze ko ibyifuzo abaturage bafite ku buyobozi bushya bikiri hagati, bamwe babufitiye icyizere abandi bategereje ibikorwa.
Burnham afite abamukurikira bagera ku 730,000 kuri X, 450,000 kuri TikTok na 600,000 kuri Instagram. Aracyari inyuma cyane ya Farage, ariko umubare we uriyongera ku muvuduko ukomeye. Mu munsi umwe wo mu cyumweru gishize, yiyongereyeho abamukurikira 50,000 kuri TikTok na Instagram.
Rosalynd Southern, umwarimu mukuru wigisha itumanaho rya politiki muri Kaminuza ya Liverpool, avuga ko Labour yari isanzwe ishyira kuri TikTok amashusho n’ibishushanyo bidafite umurongo umwe ubihuza. Ku bwa Southern, Burnham yazanye ingamba zihuriweho kandi zihuza ubutumwa bwa politiki, isura y’umuyobozi n’uburyo buri rubuga rukoreshwamo.
Katy Parry, umwarimu w’itangazamakuru na politiki muri Kaminuza ya Leeds, na we avuga ko Burnham yamaze kubona ko hari intera iri hagati y’abanyapolitiki n’abaturage. Icyakora, aho gukoresha amagambo agaragaza ko politiki yose cyangwa inzego zose z’igihugu nta cyo zimaze, ahitamo kwiyereka abaturage nk’umunyapolitiki ushaka kuvugurura uburyo abayobozi bavugana na bo.
Iyi ntsinzi yo kuri interineti ntabwo ishingiye kuri Burnham wenyine. Afite ikipe ishinzwe gutegura ubutumwa, gufata amashusho, kuyatunganya no kureba ingingo ziri gukundwa n’abakoresha imbuga nkoranyambaga.
Iyo gahunda iyobowe na Abby Tomlinson, wamamaye mu 2015 akiri umunyeshuri w’umwangavu. Icyo gihe yatangije urwenya rwakwirakwiriye kuri interineti rushyigikira Ed Miliband wari umukandida wa Labour ku mwanya wa Minisitiri w’Intebe.
Tomlinson afite uburambe bwo kureba uburyo urwenya, amashusho n’imvugo z’urubyiruko bishobora gukoreshwa mu kugeza ubutumwa bwa politiki kure. Icyakora, abasesenguzi bavuga ko ikibazo gikomeye ari ukwirinda ko ibiro bya Minisitiri w’Intebe bihinduka nk’urubuga rw’imyidagaduro, bigatuma gahunda zikomeye z’igihugu zisigara inyuma.
Guverinoma yatangiye kandi gushaka abakozi bashya bazobereye mu guhanga ibishyirwa ku mbuga nkoranyambaga, gukora amashusho no gutegura ingamba z’itumanaho. Imishahara y’iyo mirimo iri hagati y’ibihumbi 40 n’ibihumbi 80 by’amapawundi ku mwaka, ni ukuvuga hagati ya miliyoni 78 na 157 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda.
Amwe mu mashusho ya Burnham yubakiye ku nkuru zigezweho kuri interineti. Hari ayatunganyijwe mu buryo busa n’ubw’uruhererekane rw’urwenya rwa televiziyo rwo muri Amerika rwitwa The Office. Ariko n’amashusho asanzwe yasobanuragamo ibintu bitanu guverinoma ye yagezeho mu cyumweru cya mbere yarebwe n’abantu miliyoni eshanu kuri TikTok.
Ayo mashusho akora mu byiciro bibiri. Abanza kugera ku bakoresha imbuga nkoranyambaga, hanyuma televiziyo, amaradiyo n’ibinyamakuru bikongera kuyavugaho. Bityo, ubutumwa bumwe bukagera ku bantu bakoresha interineti n’abakurikira itangazamakuru risanzwe.
Imbuga ntizikemura ikibazo cy’ubukungu
Nubwo Burnham yatangiranye imbaraga mu itumanaho, Ubwongereza buracyafite ibibazo bikomeye birimo igiciro cy’imibereho, imiturire, abimukira, imikorere y’urwego rw’ubuzima, gereza zuzuye n’ubukungu abaturage benshi bavuga ko butarahindura imibereho yabo.
Imibare y’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare, ONS, igaragaza ko umusaruro mbumbe w’igihugu wazamutseho 0.7% mu mezi atatu kugeza muri Gicurasi 2026, ugereranyije n’amezi atatu yarangiye muri Gashyantare. Serivisi zarazamutse, ariko inganda n’ubwubatsi bikomeza guhura n’ingorane. ONS yanagaragaje ko muri Gicurasi honyine ubukungu bwazamutseho 0.1%.
Burnham yatangiye gutangaza zimwe muri gahunda zigamije kugabanya ibibazo by’abaturage. Muri zo harimo kugabanya igiciro cy’ingendo muri bisi, aho igiciro cy’urugendo rumwe giteganywa kutarenza amapawundi abiri guhera muri Mutarama. Guverinoma y’Ubwongereza ivuga ko iyi gahunda ishobora kugabanyiriza miliyoni z’abagenzi amafaranga bagera kuri kimwe cya gatatu.
Yanasezeranyije ko iterambere ritazibanda i Londres gusa, ahubwo rizagera mu mijyi no mu turere twose tugize u Bwongereza. Ni gahunda ijyanye n’inararibonye yagize ayobora Greater Manchester kuva mu 2017, aho yagize uruhare mu gusubiza imiyoborere ya bisi mu maboko y’inzego za leta zo muri ako karere.
Ariko ibyo byose bizapimirwa ku musaruro bifitiye abaturage, aho gupimirwa ku mubare w’abarebye amashusho.
Keiran Pedley uyobora ishami rya politiki rya Ipsos mu Bwongereza avuga ko Burnham yatangiye neza kandi akaba yarashoboye gushyiraho ingingo abantu baganiraho. Icyemezo kizaba uburyo azitwara igihe ahuye n’ibibazo, impanuka za politiki, kunengwa cyangwa gahunda ze zitinze gutanga umusaruro.
Amashusho y’urwenya ashobora gutuma umuyobozi akundwa mu gihe ibintu bigenda neza. Ariko igihe imisoro yazamutse, ibiciro bikomeje kuremerera abaturage cyangwa serivisi za leta zahuye n’ibibazo, ubwo buryo bwo kuvuga n’abaturage bushobora kugeragezwa bikomeye.
Burnham rero yatangiye gutsinda urugamba rwo gukurura amaso y’abakoresha imbuga nkoranyambaga, ariko urugamba rukomeye ni urwo kubahindurira imibereho. Naramuka ashoboye guhuza ubutumwa bworoshye n’ibikorwa bifatika, Labour ishobora kongera guhangana na Reform UK. Naramuka ananiwe, za miliyoni zireba amashusho ye zishobora kutazahinduka amajwi mu matora.
Ibitekerezo