Nyuma y’amezi menshi habaye ibiganiro bikomeye byahuzaga impande zitandukanye, umutwe wa Hamas ukorera mu Ntara ya Gaza watangaje ko wemeye gushyira hasi burundu intwaro za wo zose, mu rwego rwo gushyigikira umugambi mushya w’amahoro washyizwe imbere n’ubutegetsi bwa Perezida wa Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika, Donald Trump.
Uyu mugambi wiswe Board of Peace (Inama y’Amahoro), uvugwa nk’ushobora guhindura amateka y’intambara imaze imyaka myinshi hagati ya Israel n’Abanyapalestina.
Iyi nkuru yatumye isi yose ihanga amaso uburasirazuba bwo hagati, aho intambara imaze imyaka hafi ibiri isize ibihumbi n’ibihumbi by’abaturage bahasize ubuzima, abandi babarirwa muri za miliyoni bagahunga ingo zabo ndetse ibikorwa remezo bikangirika ku rwego rutigeze rubaho.
Perezida Donald Trump yavuze ko kuba Hamas yemeye gushyira hasi intwaro ari intambwe ikomeye cyane iganisha ku kurangiza burundu amakimbirane amaze imyaka myinshi hagati ya Israel n’Abanyapalestina. Yavuze ko ayo masezerano ari “amateka mashya” kandi ko azafasha kubaka ubuyobozi bushya bwa Palestina muri Gaza.
Mu butumwa yanyujije ku rubuga rwe rwa Truth Social, Trump yavuze ko uwo mugambi uzashyirwa mu bikorwa buhoro buhoro, hakurikijwe gahunda yateguwe mu byiciro bitandukanye.
Yagize ati: “Aya ni amasezerano adasanzwe. Azashyirwa mu bikorwa mu buryo bwitondewe kugira ngo habeho amahoro arambye.”
Yongeyeho ko nyuma y’uko Hamas n’indi mitwe yose yitwaje intwaro irangije kuzishyira hasi, ingabo za Israel zizahita zikura muri Gaza, maze umutekano ugafatwa n’ingabo mpuzamahanga zishinzwe kubungabunga amahoro zifatanyije n’igipolisi gishya cya Palestina kizashyirwaho.
Umwe mu bayobozi bakuru ba Hamas yabwiye BBC ko uwo mutwe wamaze kwemera gushyira hasi intwaro zose, ndetse ko mu minsi mike hategerejwe itangazo ryemewe n’ubuyobozi bwa Hamas risobanura imyanzuro yafashwe.
Yavuze kandi ko Misiri, Qatar na Turukiya zagize uruhare rukomeye mu guhuza impande zari zimaze igihe zidashobora kumvikana.
Mu myaka ibiri ishize, ibi bihugu byakomeje kuba abahuza mu biganiro by’amahoro, cyane cyane Misiri na Qatar byagiye byakira inama nyinshi zahuzaga Israel, Hamas ndetse n’abahuza bo muri Amerika.
Intwaro zizabarurwa kandi zigenzurwe
Amakuru aturuka i Cairo mu Misiri avuga ko gahunda y’amasezerano iteganya ko intwaro ziremereye za Hamas zizakusanywa, zigashyirwa ahantu hagenwe kandi zigakurikiranwa n’ubuyobozi bwa Palestina bufashijwe n’abagenzuzi mpuzamahanga.
Ibi bivuze ko Hamas itazaba ikiri umutwe wa gisirikare nk’uko wari usanzwe uzwi, ahubwo ibikorwa by’umutekano bikazajya bicungwa n’inzego za leta ya Palestina.
Abasesenguzi bavuga ko ari kimwe mu bintu Israel yari imaze igihe isaba, kuko yakundaga kuvuga ko idashobora kwemera amahoro arambye mu gihe Hamas igifite ubushobozi bwa gisirikare.
Israel iracyacecetse
Nubwo aya makuru amaze gukwirakwira ku isi yose, guverinoma ya Israel ntiragira icyo iyatangazaho ku mugaragaro.
Icyakora, bamwe mu bayobozi bayo bari barigeze gutangaza mbere ko hari ingingo z’umugambi wa Trump zitari zujuje ibyo Israel isaba, cyane cyane ku bijyanye no kwambura Hamas intwaro burundu no kwizeza umutekano wa Israel mu gihe kizaza.
Abasesenguzi bavuga ko Israel ishobora kubanza gusuzuma uburyo ayo masezerano azashyirwa mu bikorwa mbere yo gutangaza umwanzuro wayo.
Intambara yatangiye ite?
Amakimbirane mashya hagati ya Israel na Hamas yatangiye ku wa 7 Ukwakira 2023, ubwo abarwanyi ba Hamas bagabaga igitero gikomeye gitunguranye ku butaka bwa Israel.
Muri icyo gitero, abantu bagera ku 1,200 barishwe, abandi barenga 250 bafatwa bugwate bajyanwa muri Gaza.
Nyuma yaho, Israel yahise itangiza ibitero bikomeye byo mu kirere, ku butaka no mu nyanja, ivuga ko yari igamije gusenya burundu ubushobozi bwa Hamas.
Iyi ntambara yahise ihinduka imwe mu zikomeye kurusha izabaye muri ako karere mu myaka ya vuba.
Gaza yabaye amatongo
Mu mezi yakurikiyeho, ibitero bya Israel byasenye ibice byinshi bya Gaza birimo amazu, amashuri, ibitaro, imihanda, amasoko n’ibindi bikorwa remezo.
Imibare yatangajwe n’inzego z’ubuzima muri Gaza igaragaza ko abantu ibihumbi byinshi bahasize ubuzima, mu gihe abandi babarirwa muri za miliyoni bahunze ingo zabo.
Imiryango mpuzamahanga irimo Umuryango w’Abibumbye (ONU), Croix-Rouge n’indi myinshi yakomeje kuburira ko abaturage ba Gaza bahanganye n’inzara, ibura ry’amazi meza, imiti ndetse n’ibikoresho by’ibanze byo kubaho.
Abana n’abagore ni bo bagizweho ingaruka zikomeye kurusha abandi, aho benshi batakaje ababyeyi cyangwa bakaba bamaze igihe kinini baba mu nkambi z’agateganyo.
Umugambi wa Trump ugamije iki?
Umugambi wa Perezida Trump uvugwaho kuba ugizwe n’ingingo 20 zitezweho kugarura amahoro arambye muri Gaza.
Mu ngingo z’ingenzi harimo:
- Gushyira hasi intwaro z’imitwe yose yitwaje intwaro muri Gaza;
- Kuvanaho ingabo za Israel nyuma yo kurangiza gahunda yo kwambura Hamas intwaro;
- Gushyiraho ubuyobozi bushya bwa Palestina butari ubwa Hamas;
- Kohereza ingabo mpuzamahanga zicunga umutekano;
- Gutangira ibikorwa byo kongera kubaka Gaza;
- Kwemerera imfashanyo z’ubutabazi kugera ku baturage nta nkomyi.
Abasesenguzi bavuga ko niba izi ngingo zose zubahirijwe, bishobora kuba ari bwo bwa mbere mu myaka myinshi habonetse amahirwe nyayo yo guhagarika burundu imirwano.
Hari impungenge zikiriho
Nubwo aya makuru yakiriwe neza n’ibihugu byinshi, hari impungenge ko gushyira mu bikorwa ayo masezerano bitazoroha.
Hari abatinya ko imitwe imwe yitwaje intwaro ishobora kwanga kuyubahiriza cyangwa hakavuka indi mitwe mishya ishobora kongera guteza umutekano muke.
Hari kandi ikibazo cy’uko abaturage ba Gaza bazasubira gute mu buzima busanzwe nyuma y’uko ibikorwa remezo byinshi byarasenyutse.
Abahanga mu bya politiki bavuga ko kongera kubaka Gaza bizasaba miliyari nyinshi z’amadolari ndetse n’ubufatanye bw’ibihugu byinshi birimo Amerika, ibihugu by’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi, ibihugu by’Abarabu n’imiryango mpuzamahanga.
Isi iteze iki?
Mu gihe Hamas ivuga ko yemeye gushyira hasi intwaro, amahanga ategereje kureba niba Israel na yo izemera gahunda yose uko yakabaye.
Niramuka ishyizwe mu bikorwa nk’uko iteganyijwe, aya masezerano ashobora kurangiza imwe mu ntambara zimaze igihe kirekire kandi zahitanye abantu benshi mu burasirazuba bwo hagati.
Ariko kandi, amateka agaragaza ko amasezerano menshi yaherukaga kugeragezwa hagati ya Israel n’Abanyapalestina yagiye asenyuka bitewe no kutizerana hagati y’impande zombi, bityo abasesenguzi bagasaba ko hakomeza kubaho ubushishozi, kugenzura ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ibyemeranyijwe no gukomeza ibiganiro bya dipolomasi kugira ngo amahoro ashobore kuramba.
Ibitekerezo