Ibihugu by’Afurika 10 bikize kurusha ibindi mu 2026

Buri mwaka, Ikigega Mpuzamahanga cy’Imari (IMF) gisohora raporo yiswe World Economic Outlook, igaragaza uko ubukungu bw’ibihugu byo ku isi buhagaze. Muri iyo raporo, imibare yerekana ubunini bw’ubukungu bw’ibihugu by’Afurika ikunze gukurura impaka nyinshi no gukoreshwa mu gupima aho umugabane ugeze mu iterambere.

Raporo ya IMF yasohotse muri Mata 2026 yagaragaje urutonde rw’ibihugu 10 bya mbere bifite ubukungu bunini muri Afurika, ishingiye ku musaruro mbumbe w’ibihugu (GDP).

1. Afurika y’Epfo

Afurika y’Epfo yakomeje kuyobora urutonde rw’ibihugu bifite ubukungu bunini muri Afurika, aho GDP ya yo yageze kuri miliyari 427 z’amadolari nyuma yo kwiyongeraho hafi 11%.

Iki gihugu gifite urwego rw’imari rukomeye, amasoko y’imigabane yateye imbere ndetse n’inganda zitandukanye zirimo iz’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, inganda n’ubuhinzi. Nubwo kigihura n’ibibazo birimo ibura ry’amashanyarazi n’imbogamizi mu bwikorezi, gikomeje kuba igihangange mu bukungu bw’Afurika.

2. Misiri

Misiri yagumanye umwanya wa kabiri nyuma y’uko ubukungu bwa yo buzamutse bugera kuri miliyari 314 z’amadolari, bwiyongereyeho 17%.

Iri zamuka ryatewe n’imishinga minini y’ibikorwaremezo, ibikorwa bikorerwa mu gace ka Suez Canal ndetse n’inzego zikomeye zirimo ubukerarugendo, ubwubatsi n’ingufu. Gusa, ikibazo cy’izamuka ry’ibiciro n’ihungabana ry’ifaranga kiracyari imbogamizi ikomeye.

3. Nigeria

Nigeria iri ku mwanya wa gatatu n’ubukungu bufite agaciro ka miliyari 334 z’amadolari.

Nk’igihugu gituwe n’abaturage barenga miliyoni 200 kandi gifite umutungo munini wa peteroli, ubukungu bwa cyo bushingira cyane ku mutungo kamere n’isoko rinini ry’abaturage. IMF iteganya ko ubukungu bwa yo buzakomeza kuzamuka kubera umusaruro wa peteroli n’iterambere rya serivisi.

Nubwo amavugurura yatangiye gutanga umusaruro, umwenda wa leta ukomeje kuzamuka ndetse amafaranga menshi yinjira akoreshwa mu kwishyura inyungu z’uwo mwenda.

4. Algeria

Algeria iza ku mwanya wa kane nyuma yo kugera kuri miliyari 285 z’amadolari, ubukungu bwa yo bukaba bwarazamutseho 11%.

Kohereza peteroli na gaze mu mahanga ni byo bikomeje kuba inkingi y’ubukungu bw’iki gihugu. Nubwo cyatangiye gushora imari mu nganda no mu ngufu zisubira, ubukungu bwacyo buracyashingiye cyane ku mutungo ukomoka kuri peteroli na gaze.

5. Maroc

Maroc iri ku mwanya wa gatanu n’ubukungu bufite agaciro ka miliyari 182.6 z’amadolari, bwiyongereyeho 6.4%.

Ubuhinzi, ubukerarugendo ndetse n’inganda zikora imodoka n’ibikoresho by’indege ni byo bitanga imbaraga nyinshi muri ubu bukungu. Icyambu cya Tanger na cyo cyafashije Maroc kuba ihuriro rikomeye ry’ubucuruzi n’ubwikorezi hagati ya Afurika n’Uburayi.

6. Angola

Angola iza ku mwanya wa gatandatu n’ubukungu bwa miliyari 141.73 z’amadolari nyuma yo kuzamuka ku kigero cya 7.53%.

Ubukungu bwa yo bukomeje kungukira ku musaruro wa peteroli, mu gihe leta ikomeje gushyira mu bikorwa amavugurura agamije gukurura ishoramari no kunoza imicungire y’imari. Ariko igihugu kiracyafite ikibazo cyo kudashingira ubukungu ku nzego zitandukanye.

7. Kenya

Kenya ni yo ikomeje kuyobora Afurika y’Iburasirazuba mu bukungu, aho GDP ya yo yageze kuri miliyari 136 z’amadolari nyuma yo kuzamuka ku kigero cya 7.9%.

Urwego rwa serivisi, ikoranabuhanga, ubwikorezi n’ubuhinzi ni byo byihariye muri ubu bukungu. Nairobi ikomeje kuba ikigo gikomeye cy’ubucuruzi mu karere, mu gihe icyambu cya Mombasa n’ibikorwaremezo by’ubwikorezi bifasha igihugu kugira uruhare rukomeye mu bucuruzi bwo muri Afurika y’Iburasirazuba.

8. Ghana

Ghana ifite ubukungu bufite agaciro ka miliyari 114.71 z’amadolari, bwazamutseho 3.2%.

Nubwo igihugu cyahuye n’ibibazo by’imari n’imyenda mu myaka yashize, kikomeje kungukira ku bicuruzwa byoherezwa hanze birimo zahabu, peteroli na kakao. IMF yizera ko gahunda z’ivugurura zizafasha kuzamura ubukungu mu myaka iri imbere.

9. DR Congo

Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (DRC) yaje ku mwanya wa cyenda, aho ubukungu bwa yo bwazamutse cyane ku kigero cya 32.9% bugera kuri miliyari 98.83 z’amadolari.

Ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro cyane cyane cobalt ni bwo butanga umusanzu munini muri ubu bukungu. Icyakora, ibibazo by’umutekano muke n’intambara mu burasirazuba bw’igihugu bikomeje kudindiza iterambere rirambye.

10. Ethiopia

Ethiopia yasoje uru rutonde n’ubukungu bwa miliyari 109.1 z’amadolari, bwazamutseho 11.4%.

Nyuma y’ingaruka zatewe n’intambara yo mu gihugu, Ethiopia ikomeje kwiyubaka ishingiye ku ishoramari rya leta mu bikorwaremezo no mu nganda. Isoko rinini ry’abaturage naryo rikomeje gufasha igihugu gukomeza urugendo rwo kuzamura ubukungu bwarwo.

Muri rusange, urutonde rwa IMF rugaragaza ko ibihugu byinshi bya Afurika bikomeje kuzamura ubukungu bwabyo, nubwo bikiri imbere y’imbogamizi zirimo imyenda ya leta, ihungabana ry’ibiciro, ibibazo by’umutekano ndetse no kudatandukanya neza inkomoko y’amafaranga yinjira mu bukungu.