Abasirikare b’abacanshuro b’Abarusiya bo mu mutwe wa Africa Corps, ukorana bya hafi na Minisiteri y’Ingabo y’Uburusiya, bamaze kuba bamwe mu barinda Perezida wa Repubulika ya Congo-Brazzaville, Denis Sassou Nguesso, ndetse banatangiye gutoza ingabo z’icyo gihugu uburyo bwo gukoresha intwaro n’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho.
Ibi ni bimwe mu byagaragajwe n’iperereza ryakozwe na TV5MONDE dukesha iyi nkuru, rigaragaza uburyo Uburusiya bukomeje kwagura ijambo rya bwo muri Afurika yo Hagati.
Ku wa 15 Kanama 2025, ubwo Repubulika ya Congo yizihizaga imyaka 65 ishize ibonye ubwigenge, abaturage benshi bitabiriye ibirori byabereye ku muhanda w’Alfred Raoul i Brazzaville babonye ibintu bitari bisanzwe. Mu mutekano wari wateguwe muri uwo munsi, hagaragaye abagabo b’abazungu bambaye imyambaro ya gisirikare, bafite imbunda zigezweho, radiyo z’itumanaho, telefoni za satelite ndetse n’ibindi bikoresho byifashishwa mu bikorwa by’umutekano.
Abo bagabo ntibari abasirikare ba Congo, ahubwo bari abarwanyi b’Africa Corps, umutwe wasimbuye Wagner Group mu bikorwa byinshi bya wo muri Afurika nyuma y’urupfu rwa Yevgeny Prigozhin n’impinduka zakozwe na Leta y’Uburusiya mu miyoborere y’iyo mitwe.
Abatangabuhamya bavuga ko abo Barusiya bari bahagaze ahantu hose hafatiye runini ku mutekano wa Perezida Denis Sassou Nguesso. Hari aho bari bahagaze ku bwinjiriro bw’Ingoro y’Inteko y’Igihugu, abandi bari ku nyubako ndende barimo abarashisha za mudahusha (snipers), mu gihe abandi bazengurukaga ahantu hose Perezida yagombaga kunyura.
Nk’uko TV5MONDE ibitangaza, mbere y’ako karasisi, bamwe mu bayobozi bakuru b’inzego z’umutekano bari babwiwe ko guhera icyo gihe umutekano wa Perezida uzaba ucunzwe cyane n’abarwanyi b’Abarusiya.
Umwe mu basirikare bakuru yabwiye abo bakorana ko bagomba kwitwararika kuko “umutekano wa Perezida ubu uri mu maboko y’abazungu”, abasirikare ba Congo bakaba basigaye ari abunganizi gusa.
Iryo jambo ryakurikiwe n’impinduka zigaragara mu mitegurire y’umutekano, bituma benshi batangira kumva ko ubuyobozi bwa Congo bwamaze guha icyizere gikomeye abo bacanshuro b’Abarusiya.
Bari bamaze igihe muri Congo
Nubwo abaturage benshi bababonye ku mugaragaro muri Kanama 2025, amakuru aturuka mu gisirikare cya Congo agaragaza ko abo Barusiya bari bamaze amezi menshi muri icyo gihugu.
Hari abemeza ko bagezeyo kuva mu Kuboza 2024 bakaba bari bacumbitse mu kigo cya gisirikare cya Igné, mu majyaruguru ya Brazzaville.
Muri Mutarama 2025, umwe mu basirikare ba Congo yigeze gushyira ku mbuga nkoranyambaga amakuru agaragaza ko hari Abarusiya bari muri icyo kigo cya gisirikare. Nyuma y’igihe gito yahise afatwa arafungwa, ndetse nta kindi cyongeye kuvugwa kuri iyo ngingo kugeza ubwo abo Barusiya bagaragaye ku mugaragaro.
Bagaragaye no mu matora
Mu matora y’Umukuru w’Igihugu yabaye muri Werurwe 2026, abanyamakuru ba Le Point bongeye kubona abo Barusiya bazenguruka Brazzaville.
Bari bambaye amadarubindi yijimye, bapfutse amasura, kandi bemereye abanyamakuru ko bari muri Congo kugira ngo barinde Perezida Denis Sassou Nguesso mu gihe cy’amatora.
Ayo matora yasize Sassou Nguesso atsinze ku majwi 94.82%, yongera kuyobora igihugu muri manda ya gatanu.
Amakuru ava mu nzego z’umutekano agaragaza ko abo bacanshuro batagarukira ku kurinda perezida gusa, ahubwo banatanga amahugurwa ku ngabo za Congo.
Batoza abasirikare gukoresha ibikoresho bishya bya gisirikare igihugu cyaguze, uburyo bwo kurwana mu bihe bitandukanye, gusimbuka bakoresheje imitaka yo mu ndege, gukoresha uburyo bwo guhagarika cyangwa kuyobya itumanaho ry’umwanzi, ndetse n’imikoreshereze y’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho mu bikorwa bya gisirikare.
Aya mahugurwa ahabwa cyane cyane abasirikare bo mu mutwe ushinzwe kurinda Perezida n’abandi bayobozi bakuru.
Umubano umaze imyaka myinshi
Umubano wa Repubulika ya Congo n’Uburusiya si uw’ubu. Ibihugu byombi byashyizeho umubano wa dipolomasi mu 1964, icyo gihe Congo yari ifitanye umubano ukomeye n’icyahoze ari Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Abasoviyeti (URSS).
Mu myaka yakurikiyeho, abanyeshuri benshi b’Abanyekongo bahawe buruse zo kujya kwiga muri icyo gihugu, ndetse n’ubu abarenga 1,500 bakomeje kwiga muri Kaminuza zitandukanye zo mu Burusiya.
Perezida Denis Sassou Nguesso na we azwi nk’umwe mu bayobozi bo muri Afurika bakomeje kugirana umubano wa hafi na Moscow kuva kera, by’umwihariko bitewe n’amateka y’ishyaka rye rya Parti Congolais du Travail ryari rishingiye ku mahame ya Marxisme-Léninisme.
Kuki Sassou Nguesso yegereye Abarusiya?
Abasesenguzi bavuga ko Perezida Sassou Nguesso ashobora kuba afite impungenge z’umutekano nyuma y’inkundura y’ihirikwa ry’ubutegetsi rimaze imyaka riba mu bihugu byinshi by’Afurika.
Nyuma y’uko muri Gabon Perezida Ali Bongo akuwe ku butegetsi n’abasirikare mu 2023, ndetse hakaba harabaye n’izindi mpinduramatwara za gisirikare muri Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger na Guinea, bamwe mu bayobozi bamaze imyaka myinshi ku butegetsi batangiye gushaka uburyo bwo kongera gukaza umutekano wa bo.
Umushakashatsi Thierry Vircoulon wo mu Kigo cy’Abafaransa cyiga ku Mibanire Mpuzamahanga (IFRI) avuga ko ubuyobozi bwa Congo bushaka kwirinda ikintu cyose cyashobora guhungabanya ubutegetsi bwa Perezida Sassou Nguesso.
Inyungu z’Uburusiya muri Congo
Ku ruhande rw’Uburusiya, Congo ni kimwe mu bihugu bifite akamaro kanini muri gahunda yo kwagura ijambo rya bwo muri Afurika.
Moscow ntishaka gusa ubufatanye mu bya gisirikare, ahubwo ishaka no kwinjira mu mishinga minini y’ubukungu irimo ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, ingufu, ubwikorezi, ubuhinzi n’ibikomoka kuri peteroli.
Mu 2025, Perezida Sassou Nguesso yatangaje ko Uburusiya buzubaka umuyoboro wa peteroli (pipeline) uhuza Pointe-Noire na Brazzaville, umushinga ufatwa nk’umwe mu minini igihugu gifite.
Mu ruzinduko yagiriye i Moscow muri Kamena 2026, Perezida Vladimir Putin yavuze ko yifuza kongera ubufatanye hagati y’ibihugu byombi mu nzego zose zirimo ubukungu, ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, ubwikorezi n’ingufu.
Uburusiya bukomeje kwagura ijambo rya bwo muri Afurika
Kuva Wagner Group yasimburwa n’Africa Corps, Uburusiya bwakomeje kongera ibikorwa bya bwo mu bihugu byinshi by’Afurika.
Uyu mutwe umaze kugaragara muri Repubulika ya Centrafrique, Mali, Burkina Faso, Libya, Sudani, Equatorial Guinea ndetse ubuukaba uri no muri Repubulika ya Congo-Brazzaville.
Mu bihugu byinshi, abo barwanyi baba bashinzwe kurinda abayobozi bakuru, gutoza ingabo z’ibihugu, kurwanya imitwe yitwaje intwaro no kurinda ibikorwa by’ubukungu bifite inyungu ku Burusiya.
Abasesenguzi bavuga ko Afurika yabaye imwe mu nkingi z’ingenzi Uburusiya bukoresha mu gushaka inshuti nshya nyuma y’ibihano byinshi bwafatiwe n’ibihugu byo mu burengerazuba kubera intambara yo muri Ukraine.
Intambara yo guhatanira Afurika
Mu myaka ishize, Afurika yahindutse urubuga rwo guhataniraho ibihugu bikomeye ku isi.
Mu gihe Ubufaransa bugenda butakaza ijambo mu bihugu byinshi byahoze bikolonijwe na bwo, Uburusiya, Ubushinwa, Turukiya n’ibihugu byo mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati bikomeje kongera ishoramari n’ubufatanye muri uwo mugabane.
Abahanga bavuga ko Moscow ikoresha cyane ubufatanye mu bya gisirikare, amahugurwa y’ingabo, ibikorwa by’itangazamakuru ndetse n’imishinga y’ubukungu kugira ngo yubake umubano ukomeye n’ibihugu by’Afurika.
Ni muri urwo rwego muri Nzeri 2025 hafunguwe imurikabikorwa rinini i Brazzaville ryagaragazaga amateka y’umubano wa Congo n’Uburusiya, rikaba ryarateguwe n’Ambasade y’Uburusiya, Ikigo cy’Umuco cy’Uburusiya kizwi nka “Maison Russe” ndetse n’umuryango Globus.
Muri iryo murika hagaragajwe ubutumwa bushyigikira politiki y’Uburusiya muri Afurika ndetse bunenga uburyo ifaranga CFA rikomeje gufatwa nk’igikoresho cyatumaga Ubufaransa bugumana ijambo ku bukungu bw’ibihugu byinshi byo muri Afurika yo Hagati n’iy’Uburengerazuba.
Mu rwego rw’itangazamakuru na bwo, Uburusiya bwatangije amahugurwa y’abanyamakuru ba Congo afatanyije n’ikinyamakuru cya Leta y’Uburusiya cya Sputnik, hagamijwe kongera ubufatanye mu gutangaza amakuru no gusangira ubunararibonye.
Nubwo amakuru menshi agaragaza ko abarwanyi ba Africa Corps bamaze kugira uruhare rukomeye mu kurinda Perezida Denis Sassou Nguesso no gutoza ingabo za Congo, ubutegetsi bw’icyo gihugu ntiburatangaza ku mugaragaro amasezerano cyangwa inyandiko yemeza ku mugaragaro ko abo bacanshuro bamaze kwinjizwa mu rwego rushinzwe umutekano wa Perezida.
Ibi bituma ikibazo cy’uruhare rwa bo gikomeza kuba ingingo ikomeye y’impaka mu banyapolitiki, abasesenguzi n’imiryango ikurikirana umutekano muri Afurika, cyane cyane mu gihe Uburusiya bukomeje kwagura ibikorwa byabwo ku mugabane no gukomeza gushaka abafatanyabikorwa bashya mu rwego rwa dipolomasi, umutekano n’ubukungu.
Ibitekerezo