Iran na Houthi bashobora guhungabanya ubukungu bw’Isi

Mu gihe amakimbirane yo mu burasirazuba bwo hagati akomeje gufata indi ntera, amakuru mashya agaragaza ko Iran yohereje muri Yemen abakomanda bakuru b’Ingabo z’Impinduramatwara ya Kisilamu (Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps – IRGC), abajyanama ba gisirikare ndetse n’ibikoresho bifitanye isano na misile n’indege zitagira abapilote (drones).

Ibi bikaba byafashwe nk’ikimenyetso cyerekana ko Tehran ishaka kongera ubushobozi bw’abarwanyi ba Houthi mu kugenzura no gushyira igitutu ku bwikorezi bwo mu Nyanja Itukura, imwe mu nzira z’ingenzi z’ubucuruzi ku isi.

Aya makuru yatangajwe n’ibiro ntaramakuru Reuters, ashingiye ku bantu bane bavuga ko bafite amakuru yizewe kuri iki kibazo, barimo Abanya-Iran babiri, Minisitiri ushinzwe Itangazamakuru muri Yemen n’impuguke ikurikirana umutekano mu karere.

Amakuru avuga ko ku wa 13 Nyakanga, indege ya sosiyete Mahan Air yahagurutse i Tehran yerekeza muri Yemen itwaye hagati y’abasirikare ba IRGC 10 na 21, barimo abakomanda bakuru, abajyanama ba gisirikare ndetse n’imizigo irimo ibice byifashishwa mu gukora cyangwa gukoresha misile n’a’indege zitagira abapilote.

Bivugwa ko iyo ndege yari igenewe kugwa ku kibuga cy’indege cya Sanaa, umurwa mukuru wa Yemen ugenzurwa n’abarwanyi ba Houthi, ariko yaje guhindurirwa inzira igwa ku cyambu cya Hodeidah, nyuma y’uko ikibuga cya Sanaa giterwa n’ibitero by’ingabo za Yemen zishyigikiwe na Saudi Arabia.

Umwe mu batanze amakuru yavuze ko abo bakomanda ba IRGC boherejwe kugira ngo bafashe Houthi mu bikorwa bya gisirikare no kubahugura ku ikoreshwa rya misile z’ubwoko bushya, ndetse ngo iyo ndege yari inatwaye zahabu, yari igamije gutera inkunga ibikorwa by’igisirikare cya Houthi.

Iran irabihakana, Houthi nayo iti: “Ni ibinyoma”

Nubwo ayo makuru akomeje kuvugwa n’abantu batandukanye, Guverinoma ya Iran ntiratangaza icyo iyavugaho ku mugaragaro.

Mu bihe bitandukanye, Tehran yakomeje guhakana ko ari yo iha Houthi misile cyangwa ibindi bikoresho bya gisirikare, ivuga ko iyo mitwe yigenga kandi yifatira ibyemezo bya yo.

Umuvugizi w’itangazamakuru wa Houthi, Abdel Rahman al-Ahnomi, yavuze ko yari muri iyo ndege, ahakana yivuye inyuma ko hari abasirikare ba Iran bari bayirimo.

Yagize ati: “Aya makuru ni ibinyoma n’ibihimbano. Abantu bose bari muri iyo ndege bari abasivili.”

Houthi na yo isanzwe ihakana ko ari intumwa cyangwa igikoresho cya Iran, ikavuga ko intwaro ikoresha ziyikorera ubwa yo.

Nyuma y’iminsi itatu Houthi itangaza gufunga Inyanja Itukura

Nyuma y’iminsi itatu gusa iyo ndege igeze muri Yemen, Reuters yatangaje ko Iran yasabye Houthi kwitegura gufunga inzira y’ubwikorezi bw’ibikomoka kuri peteroli mu Nyanja Itukura, igihe cyose Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika yaba iteze ibitero ku bikorwa remezo by’ingufu za Iran.

Ku wa Mbere wakurikiyeho, Houthi yatangaje ko ishyizeho igisa n’ubwirinzi ku mato ya Saudi Arabia, ivuga ko ari ukwihorera ku gitero cyagabwe ku kibuga cy’indege cya Sanaa ku wa 13 Nyakanga.

Nyuma y’iminsi mike, uwo mutwe watangaje ko wagabye ibitero ku mato abiri atwara peteroli ya Saudi Arabia, ibintu byatumye impungenge ku mutekano w’ubwikorezi bwo mu Nyanja Itukura zirushaho kwiyongera.

Yemen ivuga ko amakuru ari ukuri

Minisitiri ushinzwe Itangazamakuru muri Guverinoma ya Yemen ishyigikiwe na Saudi Arabia, Moammar al-Iryani, yavuze ko amakuru y’iyoherezwa ry’abasirikare ba Iran ari ukuri, ashingiye ku makuru y’iperereza.

Yagize ati: “Intego ya bo ni ugukomeza ubushobozi bwa Houthi no kuyifasha gutegura ibikorwa bishobora guhungabanya umutekano w’ubwikorezi mpuzamahanga mu Nyanja Itukura no mu Muhora wa Bab al-Mandab.”

Impuguke mu by’umutekano Mzahem Alsaloum, umaze imyaka akurikirana ibikorwa bya Houthi n’indi mitwe ishyigikiwe na Iran, na we yavuze ko iyo ndege yari itwaye ibikoresho bifitanye isano na misile z’igihe gito n’iz’igihe giciriritse ndetse na drones.

Yongeyeho ko intwaro nk’izo ari zo Houthi yakoresheje mu bihe byashize igaba ibitero kuri Saudi Arabia na Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Abarabu (UAE).

Bab al-Mandab ni inzira ifatiye runini ubucuruzi bw’isi

Abasesenguzi bavuga ko impamvu Iran ishaka kongera imbaraga za Houthi ari uko uwo mutwe ugenzura igice kinini cy’inyanja yegereye Bab al-Mandab, umuhora uhuza Inyanja Itukura n’Inyanja y’Aden.

Bivugwa ko hafi 12% by’ubucuruzi bwose bwo ku isi bukoresha iyo nzira, harimo amato atwara peteroli, gaze n’ibicuruzwa biva muri Aziya bijya i Burayi cyangwa muri Amerika.

Iyo uwo muyoboro uhungabanye, ibiciro byo gutwara ibicuruzwa birazamuka, ibiciro bya peteroli bikiyongera, ndetse n’ibihugu byinshi bikagira ingaruka ku bukungu bwa byo.

Intambara yo muri Yemen yatangiye mu mwaka wa 2014, ubwo Houthi yafataga umurwa mukuru Sanaa igahirika Guverinoma yari ishyigikiwe n’amahanga.

Mu mwaka wa 2015, Saudi Arabia n’ibihugu biyishyigikiye batangiye ibikorwa bya gisirikare byo gufasha Guverinoma ya Yemen gusubirana ubutegetsi.

Iyi ntambara imaze guhitana abantu ibihumbi byinshi, abandi barenga miliyoni bava mu bya bo, mu gihe Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku bikorwa by’ubutabazi (OCHA) rikomeza kuvuga ko Yemen iri mu bihugu bifite ibibazo bikomeye by’ubutabazi ku isi.

Isano ya Houthi n’intambara ya Gaza

Kuva intambara hagati ya Israel na Hamas yatangira mu mpera za 2023, Houthi yakajije umurego mu kugaba ibitero ku mato anyura mu Nyanja Itukura, ivuga ko ari uburyo bwo gushyigikira Abanyapalestine bo muri Gaza.

Ibyo byatumye ibihugu birimo Amerika n’Ubwongereza bitangiza ibitero byo gusenya ibirindiro bya Houthi, mu rwego rwo kurinda ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga.

Nubwo ibyo bitero byakomeje, Houthi ntiyahagaritse ibikorwa bya yo, ahubwo yakomeje kuvuga ko izakomeza kugaba ibitero igihe cyose intambara yo muri Gaza izaba igikomeje.

Ingaruka ku bukungu bw’isi

Abahanga mu bukungu bavuga ko kongera gukaza umutekano muke mu Nyanja Itukura bishobora guteza ikibazo gikomeye ku isoko mpuzamahanga.

Mu mezi yashize, amato menshi yagiye azenguruka Afurika anyuze ku Mwaro wa Cap de Bonne-Espérance muri Afurika y’Epfo aho kunyura mu muhora wa Suez, ibintu byatumye urugendo rwiyongera ho iminsi myinshi ndetse n’ibiciro byo gutwara ibicuruzwa bikazamuka.

Niba Houthi yakomeza kongera ubushobozi bwa yo bwa gisirikare, cyangwa Iran igakomeza kuyitera inkunga nk’uko bamwe babivuga, bishobora gutuma umutekano w’iyi nzira y’ubucuruzi urushaho kujya mu kaga, bikagira ingaruka ku bihugu byinshi byo hirya no hino ku isi.

Mu gihe Iran, Houthi na Guverinoma ya Yemen bavuga ibintu bitandukanye kuri aya makuru, abasesenguzi bemeranya ko uko amakimbirane akomeza kwaguka mu burasirazuba bwo hagati, ari na ko ibyago byo guhungabanya ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga n’umutekano w’akarere bikomeza kwiyongera.