U Rwanda rwakanguwe n’inkuru y’incamugongo y’urupfu rwa Senateri Mukabalisa Donatille, umwe mu banyapolitiki b’inararibonye bagize uruhare rukomeye mu kubaka inzego z’igihugu nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994. Yitabye Imana azize uburwayi, aguye mu Bitaro Byitiriwe Umwami Faisal i Kigali, aho yari amaze igihe yitabwaho n’abaganga.
Amakuru y’urupfu rwe yamenyekanye mugitondo cyo kuri uyu wa Kane tariki ya 30 Nyakanga 2026, ahita akwirakwira mu gihugu hose no hanze ya cyo, asiga benshi mu bayobozi, abo bakoranye ndetse n’Abanyarwanda muri rusange bagaragaza agahinda batewe no kubura umwe mu bagore bagize uruhare rugaragara mu miyoborere y’u Rwanda.
Bamwe mu Basenateri bakoranaga na we batangaje ko yari amaze igihe arwaye, ndetse umwe muri bo yavuze ko yari aherutse kumusura mu bitaro, akamusanga akomeje kwitabwaho n’abaganga n’ubwo ubuzima bwe bwari bukomeje kuzamba nk’uko IGIHE cyabitangaje.
Mukabalisa Donatille yavukiye i Nyamata, mu Karere ka Bugesera, muri Nyakanga 1960. Yize amashuri ye mu Rwanda no hanze ya rwo, aza kuba impuguke mu by’amategeko, ari na byo byamuhesheje amahirwe yo gukora imirimo itandukanye mu rwego rw’uburezi ndetse no mu miryango mpuzamahanga.
Mbere yo kwinjira muri politiki, yabaye umwarimu wigishaga amategeko muri Kaminuza Yigenga ya Kigali (ULK), aho yatozaga abanyeshuri benshi bageze no ku nshingano zitandukanye mu gihugu.
Nyuma ya ho yinjiye mu mirimo mpuzamahanga, akorera Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (OMS/WHO), ndetse anakorera Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Iterambere (UNDP). Muri iyo mirimo yamaze imyaka igera kuri 16, akora ibikorwa byibanze ku iterambere ry’abaturage, ubuyobozi n’iterambere rirambye.
Yagize uruhare rukomeye muri politiki y’u Rwanda
Mu mwaka wa 2003 ni bwo yatorewe kuba Umudepite mu Nteko Ishinga Amategeko, atangira urugendo rwa politiki rwamugize umwe mu banyapolitiki bazwi cyane mu Rwanda.
Yabaye Umudepite kugeza mu 2008, nyuma aza kugirwa Umusenateri hagati ya 2011 na 2013. Mu mwaka wa 2013 yongeye gutorerwa kuba Umudepite, ariko icyo gihe ahabwa inshingano zikomeye zo kuyobora Inteko Ishinga Amategeko umutwe w’Abadepite.
Yabaye Perezida w’Umutwe w’Abadepite kuva mu 2013 kugeza mu 2024, imyaka irenga icumi yaranzwe no kuyobora ibikorwa by’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko mu bihe bitandukanye igihugu cyakomezaga urugendo rw’iterambere n’ivugururwa ry’amategeko.
Mu gihe yari ayoboye Inteko, yagaragaye nk’umuyobozi washyiraga imbere ibiganiro byubaka, kubahiriza amategeko no gukomeza kongerera ubushobozi urwego rw’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko.
Yasoje inshingano ze muri uwo mwanya nyuma y’amatora rusange yo mu 2024, aho atongeye kwiyamamaza kuko yari amaze kurangiza manda ebyiri zikurikirana nk’uko amategeko abiteganya.
Yayoboye Ishyaka PL imyaka myinshi
Uretse inshingano ze mu Nteko Ishinga Amategeko, Mukabalisa yari n’Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Ishyaka Riharanira Ukwishyira Ukizana kwa Buri Muntu (PL).
Iri shyaka ryashinzwe ku wa 14 Nyakanga 1991, rikaba ari rimwe mu mashyaka agize ihuriro rigize Guverinoma y’Ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda. Mu gihe yariryoboraga, yakomeje gushimangira uruhare rw’amashyaka ya politiki mu kubaka igihugu, kwimakaza demokarasi ishingiye ku bwumvikane ndetse no guteza imbere uburinganire.
Yari akunze kugaragara mu bikorwa by’ishyaka imbere mu gihugu no mu nama mpuzamahanga, ahagarariye PL mu biganiro bitandukanye.
Mu mateka ya politiki y’u Rwanda, Mukabalisa abarirwa mu bagore bageze ku myanya ikomeye y’ubuyobozi. Mu bihe bitandukanye, yagiye agaragazwa nk’urugero rw’umugore ushoboye, uharanira ko abagore bagira uruhare rungana n’urw’abagabo mu gufata ibyemezo.
Mu buyobozi bwe, yagiye ashyigikira amategeko agamije guteza imbere imibereho myiza y’abaturage, kurengera uburenganzira bw’abana n’abagore, guteza imbere uburezi, ubuzima ndetse n’iterambere ry’ubukungu.
Yanagize uruhare mu kwakira no kugirana ibiganiro n’Inteko zishinga amategeko zo mu bindi bihugu, aho yahagarariraga u Rwanda mu nama nyinshi z’Inteko Mpuzamahanga z’Abadepite (IPU) no mu zindi nama zo ku rwego rw’umugabane w’Afurika n’isi.
Abakoranye na Mukabalisa bavuga ko yari umuyobozi urangwa n’ubwitonzi, gutega amatwi no gufata ibyemezo ashingiye ku mategeko.
Mu nama z’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko, yari azwiho kuyobora ibiganiro mu ituze no guha buri ruhande umwanya wo gutanga ibitekerezo. Benshi mu Badepite bakoranye na we bagiye bagaragaza ko yabafashije gukorera mu mucyo no kubahiriza amategeko agenga Inteko.
Abaturage benshi bamumenye nk’umuyobozi utaravugaga amagambo menshi mu ruhame, ahubwo ugashyira imbaraga mu kazi no mu nshingano yahabwaga.
Urupfu rwe rusize icyuho mu nzego z’igihugu
Nubwo yari yararangije inshingano zo kuyobora Umutwe w’Abadepite, Mukabalisa yakomeje gukorera igihugu ari Umusenateri, akagira uruhare mu gusuzuma amategeko no gutanga inama ku bibazo bireba inyungu rusange z’igihugu.
Urupfu rwe rusize icyuho mu buyobozi bw’u Rwanda no mu Ishyaka PL, aho yari umwe mu bayobozi bafite ubunararibonye n’ijambo rikomeye.
Abasesenguzi bavuga ko amateka ye azakomeza kwibukwa nk’ay’umuyobozi wagize uruhare mu kubaka inzego z’igihugu, guteza imbere imikorere y’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko no guteza imbere uruhare rw’abagore mu buyobozi.
Nyuma y’itangazwa ry’urupfu rwe, ubutumwa bw’ihumure n’ubwifatanye n’umuryango we bwatangiye gutangwa n’abayobozi batandukanye, abanyapolitiki, abo bakoranye ndetse n’Abanyarwanda benshi banyuze ku mbuga nkoranyambaga.
Benshi bamwibukije nk’umuyobozi witangiye igihugu, wubahirizaga inshingano ze kandi ukorera abaturage mu mutuzo no mu bwitange.
Biteganyijwe ko gahunda yo gusezera bwa nyuma no kumushyingura izatangazwa n’umuryango we ku bufatanye n’inzego zibishinzwe, kugira ngo inshuti, abo mu muryango ndetse n’Abanyarwanda bazabashe kumuha icyubahiro cya nyuma.
Urupfu rwa Senateri Mukabalisa Donatille rubaye igihombo gikomeye ku Rwanda, cyane cyane ku rwego rwa politiki n’imiyoborere. Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi irangiye, igihugu cyubatse inzego nshya zishingiye ku bumwe n’iterambere, kandi Mukabalisa yari umwe mu bayobozi bagize uruhare muri urwo rugendo. Azibukwa nk’umuyobozi wubahirizaga amategeko, washyiraga imbere inyungu z’igihugu kandi waharaniye ko abagore bakomeza kugira ijambo rikomeye mu miyoborere y’u Rwanda.
Ibitekerezo