Leta y’u Rwanda yatangaje ko itemeranya n’ibihano biherutse gufatwa na Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika ku masosiyete amwe akora ubucuruzi n’itunganywa ry’amabuye y’agaciro ndetse n’abayobozi ba yo, ishimangira ko ibyo bihano bidafite ishingiro, bibogamye ku ruhande rumwe kandi bishobora kudindiza gahunda zigamije kugarura amahoro mu burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC).
Ni ubwa mbere guverinoma y’u Rwanda ivuze ku mugaragaro icyo itekereza kuri ibi bihano byatangajwe ku wa Kane w’icyumweru gishize na Minisiteri y’Imari y’Amerika. Icyo gihe, Minisitiri w’Imari w’Amerika, Scott Bessent, yavuze ko igihugu cye kitazihanganira abantu cyangwa ibigo bifasha ubucuruzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro bukorwa mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko cyangwa ibikorwa bikomeza guteza umutekano muke mu karere k’Ibiyaga Bigari.
Mu kiganiro yagiranye na televiziyo France 24, Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga w’u Rwanda, Olivier Nduhungirehe, yavuze ko u Rwanda rutumva impamvu ari rwo rwonyine rufatirwa ibihano, nyamara amasezerano y’amahoro yashyizweho umukono hagati ya Perezida Paul Kagame na Perezida Félix Tshisekedi wa RDC mu Kuboza 2025, abereye impande zombi.
Yagaragaje ko u Rwanda rubona uburyo Amerika iri gukurikirana ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ayo masezerano bugenda burushaho kubogama, ibintu yavuze ko bishobora guhungabanya icyizere impande zari zafitiye umuhuza.
Yagize ati: “Turifuza amahoro arambye mu karere kandi twatangiye gushyira mu bikorwa ibyo twiyemeje. Ariko amahoro ntashobora kugerwaho igihe uruhande rumwe ari rwo rwonyine rusabwa kubahiriza amasezerano, mu gihe urundi rutabazwa ku nshingano zarwo.”
U Rwanda rushinja Amerika kubogama
Nduhungirehe yongeye kwibutsa ko atari ubwa mbere u Rwanda rugaragaje impungenge ku buryo Amerika ifata ikibazo cy’umutekano muke mu burasirazuba bwa RDC.
Mu kiganiro cya France 24, umunyamakuru Marc Perelman yamubajije ku mpamvu u Rwanda rukomeza kwizera Amerika nk’umuhuza kandi ruyishinja kubogama. Minisitiri yasubije ko nubwo hari ibyo rutishimira, u Rwanda rugikomeje gushyigikira inzira y’ibiganiro kuko amahoro ari yo ntego nyamukuru.
Yavuze ko mu masezerano yasinywe, RDC na yo yemeye gukaza ibikorwa byo kurandura umutwe wa FDLR, u Rwanda rumaze imyaka ruvuga ko ubangamiye umutekano warwo. Asanga bidakwiye ko u Rwanda rwasabwa kubahiriza ibyo rwiyemeje, mu gihe hari ibyo Kinshasa na yo igomba gukora.
U Rwanda ruvuga ko ibihano bidatanga ibisubizo
Minisitiri Nduhungirehe yavuze ko ibihano bifatwa n’umuhuza bidakwiye kuba byibasira uruhande rumwe gusa, kuko bishobora gutuma urundi ruhande rwumva rufite ubudahangarwa, bityo bikabangamira ibiganiro by’amahoro.
Yavuze ko amateka agaragaza ko ibihano nk’ibi akenshi bitabasha gukemura amakimbirane ya politiki cyangwa ay’umutekano, ahubwo ko ibiganiro n’ubufatanye ari byo bitanga umusaruro urambye.
RDC yashimye icyemezo cy’Amerika
Ku ruhande rwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, ubuyobozi bwashimye icyemezo cy’Amerika, buvuga ko ari indi ntambwe ikomeye mu guca intege imiyoboro ifasha intambara ikomeje kwibasira uburasirazuba bw’icyo gihugu.
Umuvugizi wa Guverinoma ya RDC, Patrick Muyaya, yavuze ko ibi bihano ari ubutumwa bukomeye bwo gusaba u Rwanda guhagarika icyo Kinshasa yita kwivanga mu bibazo by’umutekano wa Congo.
Leta ya RDC kandi ivuga ko ikomeje ibikorwa byo kurwanya umutwe wa FDLR ndetse ikanatangaza ko umusirikare wese uzafatwa ukorana n’uwo mutwe azahanwa. Icyakora, Kinshasa ishimangira ko ikintu cya mbere gikwiye gukorwa ari uko u Rwanda rukura ingabo zarwo ku butaka bwa Congo, ibyo Kigali ikomeje guhakana.
Abafatiwe ibihano ni bande?
Mu bihano byatangajwe n’Amerika harimo kompanyi Gasabo Gold Refinery Ltd, ikorera i Kigali ikora ibikorwa byo gutunganya zahabu, ndetse n’abayobozi ba yo barimo Perezida wa yo, Jean Malic Kalima na Bosco Kayobotsi ushinzwe ibikorwa bya buri munsi.
Amerika ivuga ko Kalima afitanye isano n’ibindi bigo bikora ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro birimo Bugambira Mines Ltd, Wolfram Mining and Processing Ltd na Rwinkwavu Mining Corporation Ltd, na byo bikaba byarafatiwe ibihano.
Ibi bihano bivuze ko umutungo abo bireba bafite muri Amerika ushobora gufatirwa, ndetse n’ibigo cyangwa abaturage b’Amerika bakabuzwa kugirana na bo ubucuruzi cyangwa indi mikoranire.
Byiyongereye ku bindi bihano
Ibi bihano si ubwa mbere bifatiwe u Rwanda muri uyu mwaka. Mbere ya byo, Amerika yari yarafatiye ibihano bamwe mu basirikare bakuru b’Ingabo z’u Rwanda (RDF) n’abajenerali bane, ibashinja kugira uruhare mu ntambara yo mu burasirazuba bwa RDC.
Ni mu gihe kandi Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’Uburayi (EU) na wo mu mwaka ushize wafatiye ibihano Gasabo Gold Refinery, uvuga ko yakiraga zahabu ikomoka mu bice bigenzurwa n’umutwe wa M23, ibintu byavuzwe ko bifasha gukomeza intambara.
Impaka zikomeje ku ruhare rw’u Rwanda
Amerika, Guverinoma ya RDC ndetse n’impuguke z’Umuryango w’Abibumbye zikomeje gushinja u Rwanda gutera inkunga umutwe wa M23, ziruvuga ko ruwuha ubufasha bwa gisirikare, imyitozo n’ibikoresho ndetse ko rufite abasirikare bari hagati ya 6,000 na 7,000 ku butaka bwa Congo.
U Rwanda rwakomeje guhakana ibyo birego, rukavuga ko nta ngabo za rwo ziri muri RDC zigamije gufasha M23. Ahubwo ruvuga ko rwafashe ingamba z’ubwirinzi kubera ibikorwa by’umutwe wa FDLR, washinzwe n’abagize uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, ukomeje gukorera mu burasirazuba bwa Congo.
Amasezerano y’amahoro aracyahangayikishije benshi
Nubwo mu mpera za 2025 u Rwanda na RDC byashyize umukono ku masezerano agamije kugabanya umwuka mubi hagati y’ibihugu byombi no gushakira umuti ikibazo cy’umutekano mu burasirazuba bwa Congo, impande zombi ziracyashinjanya kutubahiriza ibyo ziyemeje.
Abasesenguzi bavuga ko ibihano bikomeje gufatwa n’ibihugu bikomeye bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mibanire ya dipolomasi hagati ya Kigali na Washington, ndetse bikaba byanagira ingaruka ku ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’amasezerano y’amahoro niba impande zose zitazongera icyizere mu biganiro.
Mu gihe amahanga akomeje gusaba impande zose kwirinda ibikorwa bishobora gukomeza umwuka mubi, abaturage bo mu burasirazuba bwa RDC bakomeje kuba ari bo bibasirwa cyane n’ingaruka z’intambara imaze imyaka myinshi ihitana ubuzima bw’abaturage, igateza ubuhunzi ndetse ikanahungabanya ubukungu bw’akarere.
Ibitekerezo