Ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi, ubwikorezi n’imibereho isanzwe y’abaturage byahungabanye bikomeye mugitondo cyo ku wa Kabiri, tariki ya 28 Nyakanga 2026, mu mujyi wa Goma, umurwa mukuru w’intara ya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru, mu burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo.
Ibyo byatewe n’urugendo rwiswe urw’amahoro rwateguwe n’ihuriro ry’imiryango yiyita Sosiyete Sivile Nyurabwoko n’Imbaraga Nzima za Kivu y’Amajyaruguru. Abitabiriye urwo rugendo bavugaga ko bashaka kwamagana ibihano Umuryango w’Abibumbye uherutse gufatira bamwe mu bayobozi ba Alliance Fleuve Congo, AFC, n’umutwe wa M23.
Kuva saa moya kugeza hafi saa tanu z’amanywa ku isaha y’i Goma, amaduka menshi, amasoko n’ibindi bigo by’ubucuruzi byari bifunze. Imodoka zitwara abagenzi zari nke mu mihanda, mu gihe izigenga na zo zagowe no kunyura mu bice bimwe na bimwe by’umujyi.
Hari abaturage bavuze ko babujijwe kujya ku kazi, abandi bagahagarikwa mu mihanda kugira ngo urugendo rubanze rurangire. Ibi byatumye bamwe bashidikanya ku kuvuga ko imyigaragambyo yari iy’amahoro kandi ishingiye ku bushake bw’abaturage, kuko hari abemeje ko bahatiwe guhagarika imirimo ya bo.
Amakuru yatangajwe na Radio Okapi dukesha iyi nkuru avuga ko ibinyabiziga byigenga n’ibitwara abagenzi byahagaritswe hafi ya Stade de l’Unité. Bamwe mu bari bagiye ku kazi babwiwe ko batemerewe gukomeza urugendo kugeza imyigaragambyo irangiye.
Amaduka, amasoko n’ubwikorezi byarahagaze
Mu bice bitandukanye bya Goma, imihanda yari isanzwe yuzuyemo abagenzi, abatwara moto, za tagisi n’abacuruzi yakomeje kugaragaramo abantu bake. Abaturage benshi bahisemo kuguma mu ngo za bo, haba kubera gutinya guhura n’abari mu myigaragambyo cyangwa kubera ko uburyo bwo kugera aho bakorera bwari bwahagaze.
Gufungwa kw’amaduka n’amasoko byagize ingaruka zikomeye ku bantu batunzwe n’ibyo binjiza buri munsi. Goma ni umujyi ufite igice kinini cy’abaturage bakora ubucuruzi buciriritse, burimo kugurisha ibiribwa, gutwara abagenzi kuri moto, gucuruza imyenda, ibikoresho byo mu rugo n’ibindi bicuruzwa byinjira binyuze ku mipaka ihuza RDC n’ibihugu by’abaturanyi.
Ku mucuruzi muto, amasaha ane cyangwa atanu ibikorwa bifunze ashobora gusobanura kubura amafaranga yo kugura ibiribwa by’umuryango uwo munsi. Ku batwara abagenzi, guhagarikwa mu muhanda cyangwa kubuzwa gukora na byo bisobanura kutabona amafaranga yo kwishyura ibicanwa, nyir’ikinyabiziga cyangwa ibyo urugo rukeneye.
Abateguye urugendo bavuze ko rwari rugamije kugeza ubutumwa bw’abaturage ku Muryango w’Abibumbye. Icyakora, bamwe mu baturage baganiriye n’itangazamakuru bagaragaje ko batishimiye uburyo rwateguwe, bavuga ko uburenganzira bwo kwigaragambya butagakwiye kuvutsa abandi uburenganzira bwo gukora no gushaka imibereho.
Abayobozi b’uduce bari bamenyesheje abaturage
Umunsi umwe mbere y’imyigaragambyo, abayobozi b’uduce dutandukanye twa Goma bari bakwirakwije ubutumwa busaba abaturage kwitabira urugendo. Abo bayobozi bavuze ko gahunda yari ishingiye ku cyemezo cyafashwe n’ubuyobozi bwa AFC/M23 mu bice bugenzura.
Urugendo rwatangiriye hafi y’ahazwi nka Tribune de l’ONC, rukomeza rugana ku cyicaro cya MONUSCO, ubutumwa bw’Umuryango w’Abibumbye bushinzwe kugarura amahoro muri RDC.
Abigaragambyaga bari bitwaje ibyapa n’ubutumwa bunenga ibihano byafatiwe abayobozi ba AFC/M23. Bageze ku cyicaro cya MONUSCO, ababahagarariye bashyikirije abayobozi b’ubu butumwa inyandiko ikubiyemo ibyo basaba.
Nubwo abateguye iki gikorwa bagaragaje ko cyari urugendo rw’amahoro, impaka zakomeje kuba nyinshi ku bijyanye n’uburyo abaturage baryitabiriye. Bamwe bavuga ko baryitabiriye ku bushake, mu gihe abandi bemeza ko igitutu cyaturutse ku bayobozi b’uduce cyatumye abaturage, abacuruzi n’abatwara ibinyabiziga bumva ko nta kundi bari kubigenza.
Nta makuru yari yatangajwe agaragaza ko habaye imirwano ikomeye hagati y’abigaragambyaga n’inzego z’umutekano. Icyagaragaye cyane ni uguhagarara kw’ibikorwa bisanzwe by’umujyi no kutishimira uko bamwe mu baturage babujijwe gukomeza imirimo ya bo.
Mu nyandiko yashyikirijwe MONUSCO, abateguye imyigaragambyo bavuze ko batishimiye ibihano byafatiwe bamwe mu bayobozi ba AFC na M23. Bavuze ko ibyo bihano bibogamye kandi ko byibanda ku ruhande rumwe mu gihe mu burasirazuba bwa RDC hakorera imitwe myinshi yitwaje intwaro.
Abitabiriye urugendo banagaragaje ko barwanya umugambi wo kuvugurura cyangwa guhindura Itegeko Nshinga rya Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo. Ikibazo cyo kuvugurura Itegeko Nshinga kimaze igihe gitera impaka zikomeye muri politiki ya RDC, cyane cyane ku bijyanye n’ingingo zishobora guhindurwa n’ingaruka ibyo byagira ku miyoborere y’igihugu.
Hari kandi amakuru avuga ko abateguye uru rugendo basabye ko ikibuga cy’indege mpuzamahanga cya Goma cyongera gukora mu buryo bwuzuye, ndetse n’amabanki agasubukura serivisi zayo zisanzwe.
Gufungwa cyangwa gukora nabi kw’ikibuga cy’indege n’ibigo by’imari byagize ingaruka ku bucuruzi, ku ngendo no ku bikorwa by’imiryango itanga ubutabazi. Abaturage bamwe bavuga ko kudashobora kubikuza cyangwa kohereza amafaranga, kimwe no kugorwa no gutwara ibicuruzwa, byatumye ubuzima burushaho guhenda.
Abateguye imyigaragambyo banamaganye ubwicanyi bukomeje gukorerwa abasivili mu duce twa Beni no mu Ntara ya Ituri, ahakunze kuvugwa ibitero by’umutwe wa ADF. Ibi byatumye urwo rugendo rutagarukira gusa ku kibazo cy’ibihano bya AFC/M23, ahubwo rukubiramo ibibazo byinshi bya politiki, umutekano n’ubukungu bireba abaturage bo mu burasirazuba bwa RDC.
Corneille Nangaa ku rutonde rw’abafatiwe ibihano
Ku wa 14 Nyakanga 2026, Komite ishinzwe ibihano mu Kanama k’Umutekano k’Umuryango w’Abibumbye yashyize Corneille Nangaa Yobeluo, umuyobozi wa politiki wa AFC, ku rutonde rw’abafatiwe ibihano kubera uruhare ashinjwa mu guhungabanya umutekano wa RDC.
Umuryango w’Abibumbye uvuga ko AFC yashinzwe mu 2023 nk’ihuriro rya politiki n’igisirikare, ikaba ifatanya na M23/ARC, na yo iri ku rutonde rw’imitwe yafatiwe ibihano n’Umuryango w’Abibumbye.
Mu gusobanura impamvu Nangaa yashyizwe kuri urwo rutonde, Loni yavuze ko, ayoboye AFC, iri huriro ryahuje ibikorwa bya politiki n’ibya gisirikare na M23 mu Ntara za Kivu y’Amajyaruguru na Kivu y’Amajyepfo. Loni ivuga kandi ko AFC yagiye ishyigikira ku mugaragaro ibikorwa bya gisirikare bya M23 no gusaba ko ubutegetsi bwa RDC buhirikwa.
Loni ishinja M23/ARC ubwicanyi, kugaba ibitero ku basivili, gutuma abaturage bava mu bya bo ku gahato, kwinjiza abana mu gisirikare, ihohotera rishingiye ku gitsina no kugaba ibitero ku bikorwa remezo by’abaturage. AFC/M23 yagiye ihakana bimwe muri ibyo birego, ikavuga ko urugamba rwayo rushingiye ku guharanira impinduka mu miyoborere no kurengera abaturage.
Nangaa yahoze ayobora Komisiyo y’Amatora ya RDC, CENI. Nyuma yaje kwinjira mu bikorwa bya politiki birwanya ubutegetsi bwa Perezida Félix Tshisekedi, aza gutangaza ku mugaragaro ishingwa rya AFC mu Ukuboza 2023.
Ibihano bya Loni birimo gukumira ingendo z’abantu bashyizwe ku rutonde, gufatira cyangwa guhagarika umutungo wa bo no kubabuza kubona intwaro cyangwa ubufasha bwa gisirikare.
Nangaa ntiyashyizwe kuri uru rutonde wenyine. Komite y’ibihano ya Loni yongeyeho abandi bantu batanu n’imiryango ibiri ishinjwa kugira uruhare mu bikorwa bihungabanya umutekano mu burasirazuba bwa RDC.
Muri bo harimo Colonel John Imani Nzenze, uvugwa nk’umuyobozi w’ubutasi muri M23. Ashinjwa kugira uruhare mu gutegura no gushyigikira ibikorwa by’uwo mutwe.
Harimo kandi abayobozi babiri b’umutwe wa FDLR, ari bo Brigadier General Sébastien Uwimbabazi, uvugwa ko akorera mu gace ka Rutshuru, na Gustave Kubwayo uzwi ku izina rya “Sirkoof”. Kubwayo ashinjwa kuyobora ibikorwa byibanda ku basivili, gushimuta abantu hagamijwe gusaba amafaranga no kugira uruhare mu bucukuzi n’ubucuruzi bunyuranyije n’amategeko bw’umutungo kamere.
Abandi ni Muhammed Lumisa, uvugwa nk’umuyobozi, umuganga n’ushinzwe ibikorwa byo kohereza ibikoresho mu mutwe wa ADF, hamwe na Colonel Charles Sematama uyobora umutwe wa Twirwaneho ukorera mu misozi miremire ya Kivu y’Amajyepfo.
Imiryango ibiri yashyizwe ku rutonde ni AFC na Twirwaneho. Ibyo bigaragaza ko ibihano bitafatiwe gusa abantu ku giti cya bo, ahubwo byanarebeye hamwe imiryango bashinjwa kuyobora cyangwa gukoreramo.
Impaka ku burenganzira bwo kwigaragambya
Urugendo rwabereye i Goma rwongeye kubyutsa ikibazo cy’ubwisanzure bw’abaturage mu duce tugenzurwa n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro. Mu mategeko mpuzamahanga, abaturage bafite uburenganzira bwo guterana no kugaragaza ibitekerezo bya bo mu mahoro. Ariko ubwo burenganzira bugomba gukoreshwa nta gahato kandi butabangamiye bikabije uburenganzira bw’abandi.
Iyo abaturage bategetswe gufunga amaduka, guhagarika ibinyabiziga cyangwa kwitabira imyigaragambyo, igikorwa cyiswe icy’amahoro gishobora gutakaza isura y’ubwisanzure. Ni yo mpamvu ubuhamya bw’abavuga ko babujijwe kujya ku kazi bukwiye kugenzurwa mu buryo bwigenga.
Ku rundi ruhande, abateguye urugendo bavuga ko guhagarika ibikorwa byari uburyo bwo gutuma ubutumwa bwa bo bwumvikana, cyane ko ikibazo cy’ibihano, ifungwa ry’amabanki n’imikorere y’ikibuga cy’indege kigira ingaruka ku buzima bwa buri munsi bw’abaturage.
Icyakora, uburemere bw’ingaruka z’imyigaragambyo ku baturage batunzwe n’akazi ka buri munsi bwatumye bamwe bavuga ko ibyo basabwaga bitari bikwiye kubabuza gushaka imibereho.
Goma ikomeje kubaho mu bihe bikomeye
Goma ni umwe mu mijyi ikomeye cyane mu burasirazuba bwa RDC. Ni ihuriro ry’ubucuruzi, ingendo n’ibikorwa by’ubutabazi bigera mu bice byinshi bya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru. Ariko umutekano muke umaze igihe kinini uhungabanya ubuzima bw’abaturage ba wo.
Intambara, kwimurwa kw’abaturage, ihagarara ry’ingendo n’imikorere mibi y’ibigo by’imari byatumye ibiciro by’ibiribwa n’ibindi bikoresho by’ibanze bizamuka. Abaturage benshi babayeho mu gihirahiro, batazi igihe ubuzima busanzwe buzasubirira ku murongo.
Iki kibazo cyiyongeraho ubwoba buterwa n’indwara z’ibyorezo. Gutegura igikorwa gihuza abantu benshi mu gihe hari impungenge z’indwara yandura na byo byatumye bamwe bibaza niba ingamba zihagije zo kurinda ubuzima bw’abaturage zarubahirijwe.
Urugendo rwo ku wa 28 Nyakanga rwasize ubutumwa bubiri butandukanye. Ku ruhande rumwe, abateguye imyigaragambyo bagaragaje ko batemera ibihano bya Loni n’imyanzuro imwe n’imwe ya politiki ifatwa ku rwego rw’igihugu. Ku rundi ruhande, hari abaturage bavuga ko uburyo yakoreshejwe bwabangamiye uburenganzira bwa bo bwo gukora no kwishyira bakizana.
Nyuma y’uko inyandiko ishyikirijwe MONUSCO, abaturage ba Goma bari bategereje kumenya igisubizo cy’ubu butumwa bwa Loni n’uko ibyifuzo birimo bizakurikiranwa. Icyakora, ibihano byemejwe n’Inama y’Umutekano ntibivanwaho n’ubutumwa bushyikirijwe MONUSCO gusa, kuko kubihindura cyangwa kubikuraho bisaba indi myanzuro ya Komite ya Loni ibishinzwe.
Mu gihe ibyo bigitegerejwe, icyifuzo gikomeye cy’abaturage benshi ba Goma gikomeje kuba ukubona amahoro, umutekano, serivisi z’imari zikora neza, ubwikorezi budahungabana n’ubwisanzure bwo gukomeza imirimo ya bo ya buri munsi.
Ibitekerezo