Abantu barenga 20,000 bamaze guhunga ingo zabo mu Ntara ya British Columbia, mu burengerazuba bwa Canada, nyuma y’uko inkongi y’umuriro yiswe Bald Range ikomeje gukwirakwira ku muvuduko ukomeye, igasenya amazu n’indi mitungo ndetse igashyira mu kaga abaturage bo mu bice bikikije Ikiyaga cya Okanagan.
Uburemere bw’iyi nkongi bwatumye ubuyobozi bwa British Columbia butangaza ibihe bidasanzwe by’ubutabazi (state of emergency) ku wa Gatandatu tariki ya 8 Kanama 2026, kugira ngo inzego z’ubutabazi zibone ubushobozi bwisumbuye bwo kwimura abaturage, gukoresha ibikoresho bikenewe no guhuza ibikorwa byo kurwanya umuriro.
Amakuru yatangajwe n’inzego z’ubutabazi agaragaza ko Bald Range Fire yakwirakwiriye mu buryo budasanzwe mu gihe gito cyane. Inkongi yatangiye kugaragara ku mugoroba wo ku wa Gatanu, ariko umuyaga ukomeye hamwe n’ibihe byumye byatumye umuriro ukwira ahantu hanini mu masaha make.
Kugeza mu mpera z’icyumweru, yari imaze kwibasira ubuso bugera cyangwa burenga hegitari 10,000, mu gihe abaturage bo mu bice birimo Summerland, Peachland no mu yindi miryango ikikije Okanagan bari bategetswe kuva mu ngo zabo cyangwa bagahabwa amabwiriza yo kwitegura guhunga igihe icyo ari cyo cyose.
Amazu n’indi mitungo byangiritse
Minisitiri w’Intebe wa British Columbia, David Eby, yatangaje ko hari amakuru agaragaza ko amazu n’indi mitungo byangiritse bikomeye, mu gihe bamwe mu baturage bananiwe guhunga hakiri kare kubera uburyo umuriro wahinduye icyerekezo kandi ugakwira mu buryo bwihuse.
Eby yavuze ko ibintu byahindutse mu buryo butunguranye ku buryo hari abantu basigaye ahantu umuriro wari umaze gukikiza, bituma biba ngombwa ko bamwe muri bo batabarwa hifashishijwe indege.
Mu gace ka Faulder, abantu barenga 50 bavanywe mu kaga hifashishijwe uburyo bwo mu kirere nyuma y’uko umuriro ubasatiriye, imihanda imwe igahinduka ikibazo cyangwa ntibe igishobora gukoreshwa mu buryo bwizewe.
Ibi ni bimwe mu byatumye ubuyobozi busaba abaturage kutirengagiza amabwiriza yo guhunga, kuko mu nkongi zikomeye nk’iyi, umuyaga ushobora guhindura icyerekezo mu gihe gito, umuriro ugatangira kwibasira ahantu abaturage bari batekereza ko hatekanye.
Amabwiriza y’ubutabazi yashyizweho mu bice bitandukanye bya British Columbia, aho abaturage basabwe gukurikira amakuru y’inzego z’ibanze no kutagaruka mu bice bimaze gusigwa n’umuriro kugeza igihe inzego zibifitiye ububasha zitangaje ko nta kaga gahari.
Umubare w’abaturage basabwe kuva mu ngo zabo wazamutse cyane bitewe n’umuvuduko Bald Range Fire yakwirakwiriyeho.
Amakuru atandukanye yatangajwe ku wa Gatandatu no ku Cyumweru agaragaza ko abarenga 20,000 bari bamaze kwimurwa, mu gihe abandi babarirwa mu bihumbi bari barahawe integuza yo kuba biteguye guhunga igihe ibintu byakomeza kuba bibi.
Gutangaza ibihe bidasanzwe by’ubutabazi ku rwego rw’intara biha ubuyobozi bwa British Columbia ubushobozi bwo gufata ibyemezo byihuse no gukoresha ibikoresho n’abakozi aho bikenewe cyane.
Ibi birimo guhuza ibikorwa by’abashinzwe kuzimya inkongi, abapolisi, inzego z’ubuzima, abashinzwe kwimura abaturage n’abandi bashinzwe guhangana n’ibiza.
Ikibazo gikomeye ku bashinzwe kuzimya Bald Range Fire ni uko umuriro ukomeje kuba mwinshi kandi ugakwirakwira mu buryo bugoye kugenzura.
Umuyaga ushobora gutwara ibishashi ukabigeza kure y’ahari inkongi nyamukuru, bigatangiza indi miriro mishya. Ubushyuhe, ubutaka bwumye n’ibiti byumye na byo bituma umuriro ubona ibyo ukomeza gufata.
Mark Carney yasezeranyije ubufasha
Minisitiri w’Intebe wa Canada, Mark Carney, yatangaje ko Guverinoma ya Canada yiteguye gufasha British Columbia mu bikorwa byo kurwanya inkongi no gutabara abaturage.
Carney yashimiye abashinzwe kuzimya inkongi bakomeje gukora amasaha menshi mu bihe bigoye, avuga ko Guverinoma ya Canada yiteguye gutanga ubufasha bukenewe ku buyobozi bw’iyi ntara.
Yagaragaje kandi ko atekereza ku bantu bose bahatiwe kuva mu ngo za bo, yizeza ko yifuza ko bazisubiramo amahoro igihe inkongi izaba imaze kugenzurwa.
Ubufasha bwa Guverinoma nkuru bushobora kugira akamaro kanini mu gihe intara imwe ihanganye n’inkongi nyinshi icyarimwe, kuko hakenerwa indege, kajugujugu, imodoka, abashinzwe kuzimya umuriro n’ibikoresho byinshi.
Mu bihe nk’ibi, Canada ishobora no kwifashisha abashinzwe kuzimya inkongi baturutse mu zindi ntara cyangwa mu mahanga, bitewe n’uburemere bw’ikibazo n’umubare w’inkongi ziba zikomeje kwibasira igihugu.
Inkongi ya Bald Range ije mu gihe Canada imaze imyaka myinshi ihura n’ibihe bikomeye by’inkongi z’amashyamba.
By’umwihariko, 2023 yabaye umwaka udasanzwe mu mateka y’inkongi z’amashyamba muri Canada, kuko umuriro watwitse ubuso burenga kilometero kare 170,000. Ubu buso bwari burenze inshuro ebyiri agahigo kari gasanzweho ka kilometero kare 74,813 kari karanditswe mu 1995.
Muri uwo mwaka wa 2023, abaturage bo mu miryango irenga 200 basabwe kuva mu ngo za bo kubera inkongi, mu gihe umwotsi waturutse muri Canada wageze no mu bice byinshi bya Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika, wangiza ikirere mu mijyi imwe n’imwe.
Mu 2024, ubuso bwahiye bwaragabanutse bugera kuri kilometero kare 53,743, ariko ibyo ntibyakuyeho impungenge z’uko inkongi zikomeye zishobora gukomeza kugaruka mu myaka iri imbere.
Canada ifite amashyamba manini cyane, harimo igice kinini cy’amashyamba ya boreal yo ku Isi. Umuriro ni kimwe mu bintu bisanzwe bibaho muri ayo mashyamba kandi ushobora no kugira uruhare mu kuvugurura urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima.
Ariko iyo inkongi ibaye nini cyane, igera mu bice bituwe cyangwa ikamara igihe kirekire, ingaruka zayo ziba zikomeye ku buzima bw’abantu, imitungo, ubukungu n’ibidukikije.
Imihindagurikire y’ibihe iri kongera ibyago
Abahanga bagaragaza ko imihindagurikire y’ibihe iri kugira uruhare rukomeye mu kongera ibyago by’inkongi zikomeye muri Canada.
Raporo za Guverinoma ya Canada zigaragaza ko ubushyuhe muri iki gihugu buri kwiyongera ku muvuduko ukubye hafi kabiri impuzandengo y’uko ubushyuhe bw’Isi muri rusange bwiyongera. Mu majyaruguru ya Canada ho, umuvuduko w’izamuka ry’ubushyuhe uri hejuru kurushaho.
Natural Resources Canada igaragaza ko ubushyuhe bwinshi n’ibihe byumye bituma ibimera n’ibindi bintu bishobora gufatwa n’umuriro byuma cyane, bityo iyo inkongi itangiye ikaba ishobora gukwirakwira vuba, gutwika ahantu hanini no kumara igihe kirekire.
Ibi ariko ntibisobanura ko buri nkongi yose iterwa n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe. Inkongi ishobora gutangizwa n’inkuba, ibikorwa by’abantu, impanuka cyangwa izindi mpamvu. Imihindagurikire y’ibihe ishobora kongera ubukana bw’ibihe bituma umuriro utangira cyangwa ukwirakwira mu buryo bworoshye.
Abahanga ba Canada banateganya ko mu mpera z’iki kinyejana, igihe cy’umwaka kibamo ibyago byinshi by’inkongi gishobora kwiyongeraho ukwezi kurenga mu bice bimwe by’amashyamba. Ubuso bushobora gutwikwa n’inkongi buri mwaka na bwo bushobora kwikuba hagati y’inshuro ebyiri n’enye ugereranyije n’uko byari bisanzwe mu myaka ishize.
Kuzimya inkongi zose ntibishoboka
Ubunini bwa Canada ni imwe mu mbogamizi zikomeye mu kurwanya inkongi.
Igihugu gifite amashyamba menshi cyane, amwe ari ahantu kure y’imijyi n’imihanda. Iyo inkongi nyinshi zitangiye icyarimwe, ntibishoboka ko abashinzwe kuzimya umuriro boherezwa kuri buri imwe.
Ni yo mpamvu inzego zishinzwe guhangana n’inkongi zibanza kureba umuriro ushobora gushyira ubuzima bw’abantu, amazu, imijyi, ibikorwa remezo cyangwa imiryango y’Abasangwabutaka mu kaga.
Inkongi ziri ahantu hadatuwe kandi zidateje ibyago byihutirwa ku bantu zishobora gukurikiranwa aho guhita zoherezwaho ibikoresho byinshi, mu gihe imbaraga nyinshi zishyirwa ku nkongi zegereye ahantu hatuwe.
Ikindi kibazo gikomeye ni umwotsi. Nubwo umuriro waba uri kure y’umujyi, umuyaga ushobora gutwara umwotsi ukagera ku baturage bari muri kilometero amagana cyangwa ibihumbi, ugateza ikibazo cy’ubuziranenge bw’umwuka. Guverinoma ya Canada igaragaza ko inkongi zishobora guteza ingaruka zikomeye ku baturage no ku bikorwa remezo, mu gihe umwotsi ugabanya ubuziranenge bw’umwuka n’ubushobozi bwo kureba kure.
Kugeza kuri iki Cyumweru tariki ya 9 Kanama 2026, impungenge zari zikiri nyinshi muri British Columbia kubera ko Bald Range Fire yari itaragenzurwa neza.
Abashinzwe ubutabazi bakomeje gushyira imbere kurengera ubuzima bw’abaturage, kwimura abari mu bice byugarijwe no kurinda ibikorwa remezo by’ingenzi.
Icyihutirwa ku bantu bamaze guhunga ni ukubona aho bacumbika, amafunguro, imiti n’ibindi bikoresho by’ibanze, mu gihe bategereje kumenya niba bazashobora gusubira mu ngo zabo n’ingano y’ibyangiritse.
Ku bafite amazu n’indi mitungo mu bice umuriro wanyuzemo, urugendo rwo gusubira mu buzima busanzwe rushobora kuzaba rurerure. Usibye gusana cyangwa kubaka amazu, hari ibikorwa remezo bishobora kuba byangiritse, ubucuruzi bugahagarara ndetse bamwe bakabura akazi by’agateganyo.
Inkongi ya Bald Range yongeye kwerekana ikibazo Canada ihanganye na cyo uko imyaka ishira: uburyo bwo kurinda abaturage n’imitungo mu gihe inkongi z’amashyamba zikomeje kuba nini kandi zigoye kugenzura.
Mu gihe abashinzwe kuzimya umuriro bakomeje urugamba rwo kugenzura Bald Range, abantu barenga 20,000 bamaze guhunga ingo zabo bategereje kumenya igihe bazemererwa gusubira iwa bo ndetse n’ibyo bazasanga byarasigaye nyuma y’umuriro.
Ku buyobozi bwa British Columbia na Guverinoma ya Canada, ikibazo ntikiri ukuzimya iyi nkongi gusa, ahubwo ni no kwitegura ahazaza hashobora kurangwa n’ibihe birebire by’ubushyuhe n’inkongi zikomeye kurushaho.
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