Mu gihe ubushyuhe bukomeje kwiyongera hirya no hino ku Isi bitewe n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe, Ubuyapani bwafashe icyemezo cyakuruye impaka ndende mu baturage no mu bakozi.
Ubuyobozi bw’Umujyi wa Tokyo bwatangije gahunda ishishikariza abakozi kwambara imyambaro yorohereye igihe bari ku kazi, harimo n’abagabo kuba bemerewe kujya mu biro bambaye amakabutura. Iki cyemezo kigamije gufasha abantu guhangana n’ubushyuhe bukabije no kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’amashanyarazi akoreshwa mu gukonjesha inyubako, ariko cyanatumye havuka impaka zirebana n’umuco, uburinganire n’imyambarire iboneye ku kazi.
Guhera muri Mata uyu mwaka, Guverineri wa Tokyo, Yuriko Koike, yongeye gushyira imbere gahunda izwi nka “Tokyo Cool Biz”, igamije koroshya imyambarire y’abakozi mu gihe cy’impeshyi. Muri iyi gahunda, abakozi basabwe kutongera guhatirwa kwambara amakoti, amakaruvati n’indi myambaro iremereye ahubwo bakemererwa kwambara udupira tw’amaboko magufi, inkweto zoroshye ndetse n’amakabutura.
Yuriko Koike yavuze ko intego atari ugutegeka abantu uko bagomba kwambara, ahubwo ari ukubaha amahitamo ajyanye n’ikirere igihugu kirimo. Yagaragaje ko igihe ubushyuhe buri hejuru cyane, kwambara imyenda yoroshye bifasha umuntu gukora neza, bikagabanya n’ikoreshwa ry’ibyuma bikonjesha inyubako, bityo igihugu kigafasha kurengera ibidukikije no kugabanya amafaranga akoreshwa ku mashanyarazi.
Mu buyobozi bw’Umujyi wa Tokyo, umukozi ushinzwe ibidukikije, Noboru Watanabe, yavuze ko icy’ingenzi ari uko imyambarire y’umukozi idahungabanya abandi cyangwa ngo ibe iteye isoni.
Yagize ati: “Turashaka guha abantu amahitamo menshi mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe bukabije. Ntabwo tubabwira ibyo bagomba kwambara, ahubwo tubashishikariza guhitamo imyambaro ibafasha gukora neza.”
Nubwo hari benshi bashimye iki cyemezo bavuga ko cyatumye akazi karushaho koroha, hari n’abatabyumva kimwe. Bamwe bavuga ko amakabutura adakwiriye mu biro kuko ashobora gutesha icyubahiro aho umuntu akorera, cyane cyane mu bigo bifite abakiriya benshi cyangwa bifite umuco ushingiye ku myambarire ya kinyamwuga.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe muri Kamena n’ivuriro rya Gorilla Clinic bwagaragaje ko 53.5% by’ababajijwe batifuza ko amakabutura yambarwa ku kazi, mu gihe 46.5% babishyigikiye. Ibi byerekana ko nubwo hari impinduka, umubare munini w’Abayapani ugifite impungenge ku myambarire mishya.
Abagore benshi bagaragaje ko batishimiye uburyo iri tegeko ryashyizwe mu bikorwa. Bavuga ko mu gihe abagabo bemerewe kwerekana amaguru ya bo, abagore bo bagikomeza gutegerezwa kwambara amasogisi maremare cyangwa collants igihe bambaye amajipo cyangwa amakanzu, ibintu bavuga ko bidahuye n’ihame ry’uburinganire.
Hari n’abagore batangaje ko babangamirwa no kubona amaguru y’abagabo afite ubwoya bwinshi. Ku mbuga nkoranyambaga haje kuvuka ijambo rishya ryiswe “Sunehara”, rikomoka ku ijambo ry’Ikiyapani risobanura amaguru yo hasi. Iri jambo risobanura kubangamirwa n’ubwoya bwo ku maguru y’umukozi mugenzi wawe.
Nubwo bamwe bashobora kubifata nk’urwenya, hari abagore bavuga ko kubihatirwa buri munsi mu biro bibatera kutamererwa neza, bigatuma bavuga ko ari uburyo bushya bwo kubangamira abandi ku kazi.
Kubera izi mpaka, abagabo benshi batangiye gushaka uburyo bwo gukuraho ubwoya bwo ku maguru. Amavuriro akora ibikorwa byo gukuraho ubwoya hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya laser avuga ko abakiriya b’abagabo biyongereye cyane muri uyu mwaka.
Umuyobozi wa Gorilla Clinic, Akifumi Funatsu, yavuze ko mbere abagabo bazaga gukuraho ubwoya ku mpamvu z’ubwiza gusa, ariko ubu benshi bavuga ko babikora kugira ngo batabangamira abo bakorana.
Yavuze ko hari abagore benshi babona ko umugabo ukora mu biro akwiriye kugira amaguru adafite ubwoya bwinshi, ibintu byatumye abagabo bamwe batangira kubifata nk’igice cy’imyitwarire myiza ku kazi.
Gahunda ya Cool Biz si nshya mu Buyapani. Yatangijwe bwa mbere mu mwaka wa 2005, ubwo Yuriko Koike yari Minisitiri ushinzwe Ibidukikije.
Icyo gihe guverinoma yatangiye gushishikariza ibigo kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’ibyuma bikonjesha inyubako no kwemera ko abakozi bambara amashati y’amaboko magufi aho kwambara amakoti n’amakaruvati.
Uwari Minisitiri w’Intebe icyo gihe, Junichiro Koizumi, yakunze kugaragara mu ruhame atambaye karuvati cyangwa ikote, ibintu byafashije abaturage kwakira iyi gahunda.
Nyuma y’umutingito ukomeye na Tsunami byibasiye akarere ka Tohoku mu mwaka wa 2011, igihugu cyashyizeho gahunda ya “Super Cool Biz”, yarushijeho koroshya imyambarire hagamijwe kuzigama amashanyarazi mu gihe igihugu cyari gifite ikibazo cy’ingufu.
Uyu mwaka, Ubuyapani buri mu bihugu byibasiwe cyane n’ubushyuhe budasanzwe. Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Iteganyagihe cyatangaje ko hashobora kubaho iminsi ubushyuhe burenga dogere Celsius 40, bukoresha ijambo “Kokusho-bi”, risobanura umunsi ufite ubushyuhe bukabije cyane.
Ubushyuhe nk’ubu bushobora guteza indwara zikomeye zirimo “heatstroke”, aho umubiri unanirwa kwigenzura kubera ubushyuhe bwinshi.
Imibare y’Ikigo gishinzwe kuzimya inkongi no guhangana n’ibiza mu Buyapani igaragaza ko mu cyumweru kimwe gusa, hagati y’itariki ya 6 na 12 Nyakanga, abantu barindwi bapfuye bazize ubushyuhe bukabije, mu gihe abandi 4,580 bajyanywe kwa muganga kubera ingaruka za bwo.
Abaganga bavuga ko abana, abasaza n’abafite uburwayi budakira ari bo baba bafite ibyago byinshi byo kwibasirwa n’ubushyuhe bukabije.
Mu rwego rwo guhangana n’iki kibazo, abaturage benshi batangiye gukoresha ibikoresho bishya birimo imyenda yoroshye, imitaka irinda ubushyuhe n’imirasire y’izuba, ibitambaro bitose byo kwihanagura, n’amacupa abika amazi akonje igihe kirekire.
Aya masoko agaragaza ko ubucuruzi bw’ibikoresho bifasha guhangana n’ubushyuhe bwazamutse cyane muri uyu mwaka.
Abahanga bo mu ihuriro Japan Academic Network for Disaster Reduction bavuga ko umubiri udahita umenyera ubushyuhe, ahubwo bifata ibyumweru byinshi.
Basaba abaturage gutangira kwitegura ubushyuhe hakiri kare, cyane cyane mu gihe cy’imvura mbere y’uko impeshyi itangira, kugira ngo umubiri umenyere buhoro buhoro.
Banibutsa ko Ubuyapani bufite ubushyuhe bwinshi mu kirere, butuma ibyuya bituma umubiri ukonja bidashobora guhumuka neza, bigatuma abantu bagira ibyago byinshi byo kurwara heatstroke.
Abasesenguzi bavuga ko impinduka nk’izi zigaragaza uburyo isi ikomeje guhindura imico yakundaga gufatwa nk’idahinduka. Mu Buyapani, igihugu kizwiho gukurikiza amabwiriza akomeye mu myambarire no mu myitwarire ku kazi, kuba abagabo bemerewe kujya ku biro bambaye amakabutura ni impinduka ikomeye ishobora no kuzagira ingaruka ku bindi bihugu byo muri Aziya.
Hari abemeza ko mu myaka iri imbere ibigo byinshi bizarushaho kwemera imyambarire yoroshye, cyane cyane mu nzego z’ikoranabuhanga n’ubucuruzi, mu gihe ibigo by’imari, amategeko n’izindi nzego zisaba imyambarire ya kinyamwuga bishobora gukomeza gukurikiza amabwiriza asanzwe.
Mu gihe impaka zigikomeje, icyumvikanyweho na benshi ni uko ikibazo cy’ubushyuhe bukabije kitagishobora kwirengagizwa. Ibihugu byinshi ku Isi bikomeje gushaka uburyo bwo kurengera ubuzima bw’abaturage no kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’ingufu, nubwo rimwe na rimwe ibyo byemezo bishobora guteza impaka ku muco, uburinganire n’imibereho isanzwe y’abaturage. Ubuyapani rero bukomeje kuba kimwe mu bihugu biri kugerageza gushaka igisubizo gihuza kurengera ibidukikije, ubuzima bw’abakozi n’imikorere y’ibigo.
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