Intare eshatu z’ingore zo muri pariki y’inyamaswa ya Tama iherereye mu burengerazuba bw’umujyi wa Tokyo mu Buyapani zapfuye mu gihe kitarenze icyumweru, bikekwa ko zishwe n’ingaruka z’ubushyuhe bukabije bwibasiye icyo gihugu muri iyi mpeshyi.
Ubuyobozi bw’iyi pariki bwatangaje ko ibimenyetso byagaragaye nyuma yo kuzikorera isuzuma ry’ibanze (autopsie) byerekana ko zahuye n’umwuma ukabije ndetse no gukora nabi kw’ingingo zitandukanye z’umubiri, ibintu bikunze guterwa no gushyuha bikabije.
Ibi bibaye mu gihe Ubuyapani bukomeje kwibasirwa n’ubushyuhe budasanzwe, aho mu mijyi imwe n’imwe ubushyuhe bwarengeje dogere selisiyusi 40, ibintu bitigeze bimenyekana kenshi mu mateka y’iki gihugu. Abahanga bavuga ko ihindagurika ry’ikirere rikomeje gutuma impeshyi ziba ndende kandi zishyushye cyane, bikagira ingaruka ku buzima bw’abantu ndetse n’ubw’inyamaswa.
Pariki ya Tama yatangaje ko intare ya mbere yapfuye yitwaga Mugi, yari ifite imyaka itatu. Ku wa 19 Nyakanga yatangiye kugaragaza ibimenyetso byo kubura ubushake bwo kurya, maze bukeye bwa ho iba ntigishoboye guhagarara.
Abaganga b’amatungo bahise bayiha amazi menshi, bayishyira ahantu hafite umwuka uhagije, banayiha imiti ifasha umwijima n’amavitamini ndetse banashyira amazi mu mubiri wa yo binyuze mu buryo bwo kuyatera munsi y’uruhu. Nubwo ibyo byose byakozwe, Mugi yaje gupfa ku wa 28 Nyakanga.
Nyuma y’iminsi mike, indi ntare y’ingore yitwa Ichigo, yari ifite imyaka 11, na yo yapfuye ku wa 31 Nyakanga. Ku Cyumweru cyakurikiyeho hakurikiraho Luena, yari ifite imyaka 15.
Isuzuma ryakorewe izi ntare zose ryerekanye ko zari zaratakaje amazi menshi mu mubiri kandi ko ingingo nyinshi z’umubiri zari zaratangiye kudakora neza, ibintu byatumye abashinzwe pariki bakeka ko ubushyuhe bukabije ari bwo bwazihitanye. Gusa ubuyobozi bwavuze ko ibisubizo bya nyuma bizatangazwa nyuma y’ibizamini byose biri gukorwa muri laboratwari.
Hari izindi ntare zikomeje kuremba
Ntabwo ikibazo cyarangiriye kuri izo ntare eshatu gusa. Ubuyobozi bwa Pariki ya Tama bwatangaje ko hari izindi ntare eshatu, zirimo ebyiri z’ingabo n’imwe y’ingore, zikomeje kuremba ku buryo zitagishoboye guhagarara.
Abaganga b’amatungo bakomeje kuzivura baziha amazi, imiti n’amavitamini kugira ngo zishobore kongera kugira imbaraga. Hari icyizere kuko zimwe muri zo zatangiye kugaragaza ibimenyetso byo gukira.
Hari kandi izindi ntare enye zatangiye kumera neza nyuma yo kuvurwa, mu gihe izindi esheshatu zitigeze zigaragaza ibimenyetso by’uburwayi kuva ubushyuhe bwatangira kwiyongera.
Mu rwego rwo gukumira ko hakomeza gupfa izindi nyamaswa, ubuyobozi bwa Pariki ya Tama bwatangaje ko intare zisigaye zizimurirwa mu bikuta byihariye bifite ibyuma bikonjesha umwuka (air-conditioners) n’abakozi b’inganda bafite ubushobozi bwo gutanga umwuka mwinshi.
Pariki yanahagaritse by’agateganyo ibikorwa byo kwereka abashyitsi intare ndetse n’urugendo rw’imodoka yihariye yajyanaga abantu kureba intare ziri aho ziba, kubera ko ubushyuhe bwari bukomeje gushyira ubuzima bwa zo mu kaga.
Kuki ubushyuhe bwica intare?
Hideaki Karaki, umwarimu w’ubuvuzi bw’amatungo muri Kaminuza ya Tokyo, yasobanuye ko intare zimenyera ubushyuhe mu buryo butandukanye n’abantu.
Yagize ati: “Intare ntizibira ibyuya nk’abantu. Ahubwo zigabanya ubushyuhe bw’umubiri zifata umwuka mwinshi kandi zihumeka cyane kugira ngo amazi ava mu nzira z’ubuhumekero ashobore gutembera, bityo ubushyuhe bugabanuke”.
“Ariko iyo ubuhehere bwo mu kirere buri hejuru cyane, ayo mazi ntashobora gutembera neza, bityo umubiri ugakomeza gushyuha. Iyo ibi bimaze igihe, inyamaswa ishobora kugira umwuma ukabije, umutima n’impyiko bikagira ikibazo, amaherezo ubuzima bukarangira”.
Yongeyeho ko izamuka ritunguranye ry’ubushyuhe hagati muri Nyakanga ryashoboraga kuba ryarabujije izo nyamaswa kubona igihe gihagije cyo kumenyera ikirere gishyushye.
Pariki ifite amateka akomeye
Pariki ya Tama ni imwe mu zikomeye kandi zizwi cyane mu Buyapani. Yita ku nyamaswa zirenga amoko 260 kandi yakiriye intare kuva mu mwaka wa 1964.
Mu bikorwa bya yo bikurura ba mukerarugendo harimo imodoka imeze nk’iyo muri safari ijyana abantu kureba intare ziri aho zororerwa. Ariko kubera ubushyuhe budasanzwe, izi gahunda zose zarahagaritswe kugira ngo habanze harindwe ubuzima bw’inyamaswa.
Abahanga bavuga ko pariki nyinshi ku isi zigiye gusabwa kongera gushora amafaranga mu kubaka ibikorwa remezo bishobora gukonjesha aho inyamaswa ziba, cyane cyane izikomoka mu bice bitari bisanzwe bigira ubushyuhe bukabije nk’ubwo buri kwiyongera muri iki gihe.
Ubushyuhe buri kwibasira Ubuyapani ntibugira ingaruka ku nyamaswa gusa. Muri iyi mpeshyi honyine, abantu barenga 43,000 bamaze kujyanwa mu bitaro bafite indwara ziterwa n’ubushyuhe bukabije (heatstroke).
Leta y’Ubuyapani yakomeje gutanga imiburo isaba abaturage kunywa amazi ahagije, kwirinda izuba rikabije, gukoresha ibyuma bikonjesha umwuka no kugabanya ibikorwa bikoresha imbaraga nyinshi mu masaha y’amanywa.
Hari n’ubukangurambaga bwatangijwe busaba abakozi bo mu biro kureka kwambara imyambaro iremereye isanzwe ikoreshwa mu kazi ahubwo bakambara imyenda yorohereza umubiri guhumeka nk’amakabutura, kugira ngo bagabanye ibyago byo kurwara bitewe n’ubushyuhe.
Ihindagurika ry’ikirere rikomeje gukaza umurego
Abahanga mu bumenyi bw’ikirere bavuga ko isi ikomeje kwibasirwa n’izamuka ry’ubushyuhe bitewe n’ihindagurika ry’ikirere rishingiye ahanini ku myuka ihumanya ikirere. Mu myaka ya vuba, ibihugu byinshi byo muri Aziya, Uburayi ndetse n’Amerika byagiye bihura n’ubushyuhe bukabije, inkongi z’umuriro, amapfa n’imyuzure.
Abashinzwe kubungabunga inyamaswa bavuga ko ibyabereye muri Pariki ya Tama ari isomo rikomeye ku zindi pariki zo ku isi, kuko zikeneye gutegura uburyo bwo kurinda inyamaswa ubushyuhe bukabije bushobora gukomeza kwiyongera mu myaka iri imbere.
Urupfu rw’izi ntare eshatu rwabaye inkuru ikomeye mu Buyapani no ku rwego mpuzamahanga, rugaragaza ko ingaruka z’ihindagurika ry’ikirere zitagihungabanya abantu gusa, ahubwo ko n’inyamaswa ziri mu bworozi no mu byanya bikomye ku bidukikije zitangiye kuzigerwaho mu buryo bukomeye.
Ibitekerezo