Urukiko rwa Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika rwafashe icyemezo ko urubanza rw’uwahoze ari Perezida wa Venezuela, Nicolás Maduro, n’umugore we Cilia Flores, ruzatangira ku wa 1 Kamena 2027, nyuma y’amezi menshi habaye impaka zikomeye ku buryo bafashwe bakagezwa muri Amerika.
Iki cyemezo cyafashwe kuri uyu wa Gatatu tariki ya 22 Nyakanga 2026 n’umucamanza Alvin Hellerstein wo mu rukiko rwa New York, kikaba gifatwa nk’intambwe ikomeye mu rubanza rwitezwe gukurikirwa n’amahanga, kubera ingaruka rushobora kugira ku mategeko mpuzamahanga, umubano wa dipolomasi ndetse n’ahazaza h’umubano w’Amerika n’ibihugu byo muri Amerika y’Epfo.
Maduro n’umugore we bafashwe mu ijoro ryo ku wa 3 Mutarama 2027, nyuma y’igikorwa cya gisirikare cyihariye cyakozwe n’ingabo za Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika mu murwa mukuru wa Venezuela, Caracas.
Nk’uko ubutegetsi bw’Amerika bubivuga, abo bombi bafatiwe mu rugo rwa bo nijoro, bahita bajyanwa mu ndege ya gisirikare ibageza i New York kugira ngo bagezwe imbere y’ubutabera.
Ni igikorwa cyahise gitera impaka ku rwego mpuzamahanga, kuko hari ibihugu byavuze ko Amerika yarenze ku busugire bwa Venezuela, mu gihe ibindi byavuze ko ari intambwe ikwiye mu guhangana n’abayobozi bakekwaho ibyaha bikomeye.
Ubutegetsi bw’Amerika bushinja Maduro n’umugore we ibyaha bifitanye isano no gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge no kugira uruhare mu bucuruzi bw’intwaro butemewe n’amategeko. Gusa bombi bakomeje guhakana ibyo baregwa, bavuga ko ari ibirego bya politiki bigamije kubacecekesha.
Mu iburanisha ribanziriza urubanza nyirizina, icyumba cy’urukiko cyari cyuzuyemo abantu benshi ku buryo bamwe bari bamaze amasaha menshi bahagaze ku mirongo bategereje amahirwe yo kubona Maduro n’amaso ya bo.
Mbere y’uko urubanza rutangira, umukozi ushinzwe umutekano mu rukiko yaburiye abantu bose ko bagomba kubahiriza amategeko y’urukiko.
Yabibukije ko nta wemerewe kuvugisha Maduro cyangwa kugira icyo amubwira, anaburira ko uzarenga kuri ayo mabwiriza ashobora guhita akurikiranwaho n’amategeko.
Ibi byatumye abantu benshi bicara batuje, nubwo bamwe bagaragazaga amarangamutima igihe Maduro yinjiraga mu cyumba cy’urukiko.
Yinjiye yambaye imyenda y’imfungwa
Maduro yinjiye yambaye imyenda y’umuhondo worohereye cyangwa ibara rya kaki risanzwe ryambarwa n’imfungwa muri gereza zo muri Amerika. Nubwo yari afunzwe, ntiyari yambaye amapingu.
Yahise aha abantu ikimenyetso cyo kubasuhuza akoresheje umutwe mbere yo kwicara iruhande rw’umugore we ku meza y’abaregwa. Maduro na Cilia Flores bari bambaye utwuma two kumva ibisobanuro by’urubanza mu rurimi rw’Icyesipanyoli, mu gihe abanyamategeko ba bo bagiranaga ibiganiro n’umucamanza.
Urubanza rurangiye, Maduro yahagurutse, ahindukira areba abantu bari mu rukiko, abazunguriza ukuboko rimwe nk’ikimenyetso cyo kubasezera mbere yo gusubizwa mu maboko y’abashinzwe kurinda imfungwa ba US Marshals.
Umwunganizi wa Maduro, Barry Pollack, yatangaje ko mu rubanza nyirizina azashingira ku ihame ry’amategeko mpuzamahanga rizwi nka sovereign immunity.
Iri hame rivuga ko abakuru b’ibihugu bakiri ku butegetsi cyangwa hari aho amategeko arengera bashobora kudakurikiranwa n’inkiko z’ibindi bihugu ku byaha bimwe na bimwe bakoze bari mu nshingano za bo.
Abanyamategeko ba Maduro bavuga ko uburyo yafashwemo ndetse no kugezwa muri Amerika binyuranyije n’amategeko mpuzamahanga.
Ariko ubushinjacyaha bw’Amerika bwo buvuga ko ibyo birego bidashobora kumurengera kubera uburemere bw’ibyaha akekwaho, cyane cyane ibyaha byambukiranya imipaka birimo ubucuruzi bw’ibiyobyabwenge n’intwaro.
Maduro yari amaze imyaka myinshi ari ku rutonde rw’abayobozi bashakishwa na Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika. Mu 2020, Minisiteri y’Ubutabera y’Amerika yari yatangaje ibihembo by’amadolari miliyoni nyinshi ku muntu watanga amakuru yatuma afatwa.
Amerika yamushinjaga gukorana n’imitwe mpuzamahanga y’abacuruza ibiyobyabwenge, by’umwihariko umutwe uzwi nka Cartel de los Soles, ibyo Maduro yakomeje guhakana.
Washington kandi yashinjaga ubutegetsi bwe gufasha imitwe yitwaje intwaro ikorera muri Colombia, harimo n’imitwe yahoze ari inyeshyamba za FARC.
Nicolás Maduro yafashe ubutegetsi bwa Venezuela mu 2013 nyuma y’urupfu rwa Hugo Chávez. Mu gihe cye, Venezuela yahuye n’ikibazo gikomeye cy’ubukungu cyatumye ifaranga ry’icyo gihugu ritakaza agaciro ku rwego rukabije.
Ibura ry’ibiribwa, imiti n’ibikomoka kuri peteroli, hamwe n’izamuka rikabije ry’ibiciro, byatumye abaturage babarirwa muri miliyoni bava mu gihugu bahungira mu bindi bihugu byo muri Amerika y’Epfo no muri Amerika ya Ruguru.
Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye Ryita ku Mpunzi (UNHCR) rivuga ko imyaka ishize abaturage ba Venezuela barenga miliyoni zirindwi bavuye mu gihugu cya bo kubera ibibazo by’ubukungu n’umutekano, bikaba ari kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye by’ubuhunzi byabaye ku mugabane wa Amerika.
Nubwo Maduro anengwa cyane n’ibihugu byinshi byo mu Burengerazuba bw’Isi, hari abaturage ba Venezuela n’amashyaka ya politiki bakomeje kumushyigikira. Bavuga ko ibibazo igihugu cyahuye na byo byatewe ahanini n’ibihano by’ubukungu Amerika n’ibihugu by’inshuti za yo byafatiye Venezuela.
Abashyigikiye Maduro bavuga ko ibihano byafunze inzira igihugu cyacuruzagamo peteroli, ari na yo nkingi y’ubukungu bwa cyo.
Ku rundi ruhande, abatavuga rumwe na we bavuga ko ibibazo byose byaturutse ku miyoborere mibi, ruswa n’ikorwa ry’ihohoterwa rikabije ku batavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi.
Imyigaragambyo y’amatsinda atandukanye
Hanze y’urukiko rwa New York habereye imyigaragambyo ibiri itandukanye.
Itsinda rimwe ry’abarwanya intambara ryari rifite ibyapa byanditseho amagambo asaba ko Maduro arekurwa, rivuga ko urubanza ari ikinamico ya politiki.
Umwe mu bayobozi b’umuryango Anti-War Action Network yavuze ko Amerika ishaka kugenzura Venezuela, Amerika y’Epfo ndetse n’Uburasirazuba bwo Hagati ikoresheje imbaraga za gisirikare. Icyakora hari n’Abanyavenezuela batuye muri Amerika bishimiye ifatwa rye.
Wilmer Contreras, umaze imyaka hafi 30 aba muri Amerika, yavuze ko Maduro ari we wasenye igihugu cye. Yagize ati: “Icyo Amerika yakoze ni cyo twari dutegereje imyaka myinshi. Nyuma yo gufatwa kwe ibintu byatangiye guhinduka muri Venezuela.”
Abandi bavuga ko igihe kigeze kugira ngo abayobozi bakekwaho ibyaha bikomeye bagezwe imbere y’ubutabera, kabone n’iyo baba barigeze kuyobora ibihugu.
Urubanza ruzagira ingaruka zikomeye
Abasesenguzi bavuga ko uru rubanza ruzaba urwa mbere mu mateka ya vuba aho uwigeze kuyobora igihugu afatiwe mu gikorwa cya gisirikare akajyanwa kuburanira mu kindi gihugu ku byaha mpuzamahanga.
Icyemezo kizafatwa gishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo amategeko mpuzamahanga asobanura ubudahangarwa bw’abakuru b’ibihugu, ndetse no ku mubano wa dipolomasi hagati y’Amerika n’ibihugu byinshi byo muri Amerika y’Epfo.
Urubanza ruzatangira ku wa 1 Kamena 2027, ariko mbere ya ho ku wa 17 Ugushyingo 2026 hazabaho iburanisha ribanziriza urubanza, aho impande zombi zizageza ku rukiko impamvu n’inzitizi z’amategeko zifuza ko zibanza gusuzumwa.
Mu gihe isi yose ikomeje gukurikira iby’uru rubanza, benshi bibaza niba ruzaba intangiriro y’ibihe bishya byo gukurikirana abayobozi bakekwaho ibyaha mpuzamahanga, cyangwa niba ruzarushaho kongera ubushyamirane bwa politiki hagati y’Amerika n’abayobozi b’ibihugu biyishinja kwivanga mu bibazo by’imbere mu bindi bihugu.
Ibitekerezo